ABSTRACT

This study investigates (1) conjoint latent classes of adolescent co-occurring developmental problems (obesity, depressive symptoms, and low educational attainment), (2) socioeconomic and genetic influences on these classes of adolescents’ problem trajectories, and (3) physical health consequences of those latent classes. Data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health; N = 9,107; mean age = 15.5 years; Female = 52.9 per cent) were used to identify classes of early socioeconomic adversity and conjoint trajectory groups of co-occurring developmental problems. Profiles of social antecedents, genetic endowments (polygenic scores), and physical health outcomes in young adulthood were compared across identified four conjoint trajectory risk groups (overall high-risk, overall low-risk, BMI-risk or obesity, low education-risk). The results showed that youth with overall high-risk and BMI/education-specific risk trajectory groups were more likely to be Black or Hispanic, reported more adverse socioeconomic characteristics and genetic endowment, and averaged significantly poorer physical health in young adulthood compared with youth in the overall low-risk problem trajectory group. Less pronounced differences emerged between the high-risk and problem-specific-risk groups. The findings highlight heterogeneity in adolescent co-occurring developmental problems. Adolescent heterogeneous problem co-development is associated with background socioeconomic and genetic characteristics and physical health in young adulthood.

摘要

本研究调查 (1) 青少年同时发生的发育问题（肥胖、抑郁症状和教育程度低）的联合潜在类别，(2) 对这些类别的青少年问题轨迹的社会经济和遗传影响，以及 (3) 身体健康这些潜在类的后果。来自全国青少年到成人健康纵向研究的数据（添加健康；N= 9,107；平均年龄 = 15.5 岁；女性 = 52.9%）被用来识别早期社会经济逆境的类别和同时发生的发展问题的联合轨迹组。在确定的四个联合轨迹风险组（总体高风险、总体低风险、BMI 风险或肥胖、低教育风险）中比较了青年期的社会前因、遗传禀赋（多基因评分）和身体健康结果的概况. 结果表明，具有总体高风险和 BMI/教育特定风险轨迹组的青年更有可能是黑人或西班牙裔，报告了更多不利的社会经济特征和遗传禀赋，并且与青年相比，青年期的平均身体健康状况显着较差。整体低风险问题轨迹组。高风险和特定问题风险组之间出现了不太明显的差异。研究结果突出了青少年同时发生的发育问题的异质性。青少年异质性问题共同发展与青年期的背景社会经济和遗传特征以及身体健康有关。