Differences in the properties of clay minerals cause formation damage under the condition of thermal production in heavy-oil reservoirs; asphaltenes adsorbed on clay minerals exacerbate the formation damage. The purpose of the present study was to reveal the variation in clay minerals and the adsorption behavior of asphaltenes on clay mineral surfaces under thermal recovery conditions. Volume changes and transformations of typical clay minerals were studied under various conditions (80 and 180°C, pH 9 and 11, aqueous and oven-dry conditions). On this basis, the adsorption behavior and mechanism of asphaltenes on the surfaces of clay minerals in various simulated conditions were investigated. The adsorption mechanism was revealed using kinetics and isothermal adsorption models. The results showed that the volume of montmorillonite expanded by up to 159.13% after water–rock interaction at 180°C with pH 11; meanwhile, the conversion rates of kaolinite and illite to montmorillonite were 6.6 and 7.8%, respectively. The water–rock interaction intensified the volume changes and transformations of clay minerals under thermal conditions. The amounts of asphaltene adsorbed on clay minerals at 180°C were greater than those at 80°C. The adsorption process of asphaltenes was inhibited under aqueous conditions. The abilities of the constituent minerals to bind asphaltenes was in order: montmorillonite > chlorite > kaolinite > illite > quartz sand. The adsorption process of asphaltenes yielded high coefficients of regression with both the Freundlich and Langmuir models under oven-dry (>0.99) and aqueous (>0.98) conditions. At 180°C under aqueous conditions, the water film significantly inhibited the adsorption of asphaltene on the clay minerals. The adsorption process of asphaltenes, therefore, could be regarded as the adsorption occurring at lower concentrations under oven-dry conditions.

稠油油藏热采条件下黏土矿物性质差异造成地层破坏；吸附在粘土矿物上的沥青质加剧了地层破坏。本研究的目的是揭示热采条件下粘土矿物的变化和沥青质在粘土矿物表面的吸附行为。研究了各种条件（80 和 180°C、pH 9 和 11、含水和烘干条件）下典型粘土矿物的体积变化和转变。在此基础上，研究了各种模拟条件下黏土矿物表面沥青质的吸附行为和机理。使用动力学和等温吸附模型揭示了吸附机理。结果表明，在 180℃、pH 11 条件下，水岩相互作用后蒙脱石体积膨胀达 159.13%；同时，高岭石和伊利石向蒙脱石的转化率分别为6.6%和7.8%。水-岩相互作用加剧了粘土矿物在热条件下的体积变化和转化。在 180°C 时吸附在粘土矿物上的沥青质的量大于在 80°C 时的。在含水条件下，沥青质的吸附过程受到抑制。组成矿物结合沥青质的能力依次为：蒙脱石>绿泥石>高岭石>伊利石>石英砂。Freundlich 和 Langmuir 模型在烘干（>0.99）和水相（>0.0）下沥青质的吸附过程产生了高回归系数。98) 条件。在 180°C 的含水条件下，水膜显着抑制了沥青质在粘土矿物上的吸附。因此，沥青质的吸附过程可以看作是在干燥条件下以较低浓度发生的吸附。