Abstract

Psychologists have begun to study the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on emotionality, though such investigations assume that the measurement properties of affect scales have not changed as a function of the pandemic. To our knowledge, no prior study has tested measurement invariance (MI) of an affect scale during a disaster, and very few studies have explored MI of scales administered through ecological momentary assessment (EMA). The current study tested invariance of trait and state affect measures across homogenous groups of 18-year-olds assessed prior to and during the first acute phase of the COVID-19 pandemic in Long Island, New York. Trait affect was measured with a single administration of the Schedule for Nonadaptive and Adaptive Personality-Youth Version. State affect was assessed with items developed for the EMA portion of this study, which were administered 5 times daily for 14 consecutive days using a smartphone application. A baseline correlated 2-factor (positive and negative affect) model was fit for both measures. Invariances tests established up to strict MI across pre-/COVID-19 groups for both affect measures. These findings suggest that valid comparisons of observed score means and variances can be made between groups assessed before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

 抽象的

心理学家已开始研究 COVID-19 大流行对情绪的影响，尽管此类研究假设情感量表的测量特性并未因大流行而改变。据我们所知，之前没有研究测试过灾难期间情感量表的测量不变性（MI），也很少有研究探索通过生态瞬时评估（EMA）管理的量表的 MI。目前的研究测试了纽约长岛 COVID-19 大流行的第一个急性期之前和期间评估的 18 岁同质群体的特征和状态影响测量的不变性。通过一次非适应性和适应性人格时间表-青年版的管理来测量特质影响。使用为本研究的 EMA 部分开发的项目评估状态影响，使用智能手机应用程序连续 14 天每天进行 5 次。基线相关双因素（积极和消极影响）模型适用于这两种措施。针对这两种影响措施，在 pre/COVID-19 组中建立了严格的 MI 不变性测试。这些发现表明，可以在 COVID-19 大流行之前和期间评估的各组之间对观察到的评分平均值和方差进行有效比较。