Adolescents who think and act towards the future are more likely to thrive. This future orientation may, however, be affected by adversity and the parenting they receive. The influence of cumulative adversity, and of parenting in the context of adversity, is yet to be explored. We investigated whether adolescents’ future orientation is associated with experiences of singular and multiple types of adversity, and if parenting moderates these associations. Data from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children K Cohort (n = 1177; 51.5% male; aged 16–17 years) were used to measure future orientation at age 16–17, the number of adversities experienced from age 4/5 to age 14/15 (parental separation and divorce, household substance use problem, household mental health condition, domestic violence), and parenting received at age 14/15 (warmth, hostility, communication, monitoring). Relationships and moderations were tested using stepwise moderated logistic regression analyses, controlling for demographic characteristics. Adolescents were at risk for low future orientation if they had experienced singular or multiple types of adversity, higher hostility, lower communication, and lower monitoring. We did not find a moderating effect of parenting. These results indicate that while young people are less likely to have future-related thoughts and actions if they have experienced singular or multiple types of adversity, their future orientation may be supported by effective parenting and non-hostile parent-adolescent relationships. Young people who experience both adversity and poor parenting may be at higher risk than others. Further investigation is warranted, to explore the causal relationships between adverse experiences, parenting, and future orientation.

面向未来思考和行动的青少年更有可能茁壮成长。然而，这种未来的方向可能会受到逆境和他们所接受的养育方式的影响。累积逆境的影响，以及逆境背景下养育子女的影响，还有待探索。我们调查了青少年的未来取向是否与单一和多种逆境的经历有关，以及养育子女是否会缓和这些关联。来自澳大利亚儿童 K 队列纵向研究的数据 ( n = 1177; 51.5% 男性；16-17 岁）用于衡量 16-17 岁的未来取向、4/5 岁至 14/15 岁经历的逆境数量（父母分居和离婚、家庭物质使用问题、家庭心理健康状况、家庭暴力），以及在 14/15 岁时接受的育儿（温暖、敌意、沟通、监控）。使用逐步调节的逻辑回归分析测试关系和调节，控制人口特征。如果青少年经历过单一或多种类型的逆境、更高的敌意、更低的沟通和更低的监控，他们就会面临未来定向力低下的风险。我们没有发现养育子女的调节作用。这些结果表明，虽然年轻人在经历过单一或多种逆境时不太可能有与未来相关的想法和行动，但他们的未来取向可能会得到有效的养育和非敌对的父母与青少年关系的支持。经历逆境和不良育儿的年轻人可能比其他人面临更高的风险。有必要进行进一步调查，以探索不良经历、养育子女和未来取向之间的因果关系。