BACKGROUND: The multifidus muscle is important in spine stabilization. Atrophy of the multifidus muscle has been associated with low back pain. OBJECTIVE: To examine multifidus muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) adaptations over two volleyball seasons and one off-season in volleyball athletes experiencing low back pain or no low back pain. METHODS: Twelve female NCAA division 1 volleyball athletes participated. Athletes were placed into a low back pain or no low back pain group. Athlete’s multifidus was imaged and measured using ultrasound at four time points across seasons. Imaging time points were before season one, following season one, following off-season, and following season two. A single level mixed-model analysis of variance was used for all analyses. A Tukey HSD post hoc test was used to determine differences between and within the low back pain and the no low back pain groups. RESULTS: Following off-season training the pain group had clinically significant smaller multifidus CSA at the L4 (-2.36 cm2 difference or 17.5%) and L5 (-2.40 cm2 or 12.5%) levels. Non-significant (p> 0.05) decreases in multifidus CSA were seen in both groups following season one and two. Athletes with pain had decreased multifidus CSA at the L4 and L5 vertebral levels at all time points which was non-significant (p> 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Clinically significant decreases in multifidus CSA occurred in female volleyball athletes with low back pain at the L4 and L5 level following off-season training. Volleyball athletes with pain had smaller multifidus CSA averages at all time points measured of the two year period.

中文翻译：

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有和没有腰痛的运动员在两个排球赛季和一个休赛期的多裂肌横截面积适应情况

背景：多裂肌在脊柱稳定中很重要。多裂肌萎缩与腰痛有关。目的：研究排球运动员在经历腰痛或无腰痛的两个排球赛季和一个休赛期对多裂肌横截面积 (CSA) 的适应性。方法：12名NCAA女子1级排球运动员参加。运动员被分为腰痛组或无腰痛组。运动员的多裂肌在整个赛季的四个时间点使用超声波进行成像和测量。成像时间点是第一季之前、第一季之后、淡季之后和第二季之后。所有分析均使用单级混合模型方差分析。Tukey HSD 事后测试用于确定腰痛组和无腰痛组之间和内部的差异。结果：在休赛期训练后，疼痛组的 L4（-2.36 cm2 差异或 17.5%）和 L5（-2.40 cm2 或 12.5%）水平的多裂肌 CSA 有临床意义的更小。在第一季和第二季后，两组的多裂肌 CSA 均无显着下降（p>0.05）。有疼痛的运动员在所有时间点都降低了 L4 和 L5 椎体水平的多裂肌 CSA，但不显着（p>0.05）。结论：在休赛期训练后，L4 和 L5 水平腰痛的女排球运动员多裂肌 CSA 出现临床显着降低。在两年期间测量的所有时间点，有疼痛的排球运动员的多裂肌 CSA 平均值较小。