DNA repair and DNA damage signaling pathways are critical for the maintenance of genomic stability. Defects of DNA repair and damage signaling contribute to tumorigenesis, but also render cancer cells vulnerable to DNA damage and reliant on remaining repair and signaling activities. Here, we review the major classes of DNA repair and damage signaling defects in cancer, the genomic instability that they give rise to, and therapeutic strategies to exploit the resulting vulnerabilities. Furthermore, we discuss the impacts of DNA repair defects on both targeted therapy and immunotherapy, and highlight emerging principles for targeting DNA repair defects in cancer therapy.

中文翻译：

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癌症中的 DNA 修复缺陷和治疗机会


DNA 修复和 DNA 损伤信号通路对于维持基因组稳定性至关重要。 DNA 修复和损伤信号传导的缺陷会导致肿瘤发生，但也使癌细胞容易受到 DNA 损伤并依赖于剩余的修复和信号传导活动。在这里，我们回顾了癌症中 DNA 修复和损伤信号缺陷的主要类别、它们引起的基因组不稳定性，以及利用由此产生的脆弱性的治疗策略。此外，我们还讨论了 DNA 修复缺陷对靶向治疗和免疫治疗的影响，并重点介绍了癌症治疗中针对 DNA 修复缺陷的新兴原则。