AIM The present study examined patterns and correlates of polysubstance use among individuals with severe alcohol use disorder (AUD). METHODS Participants were 2785 individuals (63% female; mean age = 43 years, range = 18-78 years) from the Genes, Addiction and Personality Study. All participants met lifetime criteria for severe AUD (6+ symptoms). We used latent class analysis to identify patterns of frequency of lifetime use for cigarettes, marijuana, cocaine, stimulants, sedatives, opioids and hallucinogens. A variety of demographic and behavioral correlates of latent class membership were tested in univariable and multivariable models. RESULTS A five-class solution was selected: extended range polysubstance use (24.5%); cigarette and marijuana use (18.8%); 'testers,' characterized by high probabilities of smoking 100 or more cigarettes, using marijuana 6+ times, and trying the remaining substances 1-5 times (12.3%); moderate range polysubstance use (17.1%) and minimal use (reference class; 27.3%). In univariable analyses, all potential correlates were related to latent class membership. In the multivariable model, associations with gender, race/ethnicity, age of onset for alcohol problems, dimensions of impulsivity, depressive symptoms, antisocial behavior and family history density of alcohol problems remained significant, though the pattern and strength of associations differed across classes. For instance, sensation-seeking, lack of premeditation and family history were uniquely associated with membership in the extended range polysubstance use class. CONCLUSION Patterns of polysubstance use are differentially related to demographic and behavioral factors among individuals with severe AUD. Assessing use across multiple substances may inform the selection of targets for treatment and prevention.

中文翻译：

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严重酒精使用障碍患者使用多种物质的模式和相关性。

目的 本研究检查了严重酒精使用障碍 (AUD) 患者使用多种物质的模式和相关性。方法参与者是来自基因、成瘾和人格研究的 2785 人（63% 为女性；平均年龄 = 43 岁，范围 = 18-78 岁）。所有参与者都符合严重 AUD（6+ 症状）的终生标准。我们使用潜在类别分析来确定终生使用香烟、大麻、可卡因、兴奋剂、镇静剂、阿片类药物和致幻剂的频率模式。在单变量和多变量模型中测试了潜在类成员的各种人口统计学和行为相关性。结果 选择了五类解决方案：扩展范围的多物质使用（24.5%）；使用香烟和大麻 (18.8%)；'测试人员，' 特点是吸 100 支或更多香烟、吸食大麻 6 次以上以及尝试其余物质 1-5 次的可能性很高 (12.3%)；中等范围的多物质使用 (17.1%) 和最低限度使用（参考类别；27.3%）。在单变量分析中，所有潜在的关联都与潜在类别成员有关。在多变量模型中，与性别、种族/民族、酒精问题发病年龄、冲动程度、抑郁症状、反社会行为和酒精问题家族史密度的关联仍然显着，尽管关联的模式和强度因类别而异。例如，寻求感觉、缺乏预谋和家族史与扩大范围的多物质使用类别的成员身份有着独特的联系。结论 在患有严重 AUD 的个体中，多种物质的使用模式与人口统计学和行为因素有不同的相关性。评估多种物质的使用可能会为治疗和预防目标的选择提供信息。