The in vitro culture of unpollinated ovaries is one of the techniques used to induce gynogenesis. To explore the mechanism of lily gynogenesis and obtain haploids to shorten the breeding cycle, the in vitro effects of flower bud sampling time, exogenous plant growth regulators (PGRs), and different concentrations of picloram on embryo formation in unpollinated ovaries of Lilium L. ‘Sorbonne’ (oriental hybrids) were studied. The results indicated that flower buds ≥8 cm in length were most suitable. The PGRs picloram and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) with 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA) or kinetin were useful in inducing ovule expansion in vitro. However, most ovules did not survive on the media containing 2,4-D, whereas those grown on media containing picloram developed normally. In particular, a lower concentration of picloram (0.5 mg L⁻¹) was found to be beneficial to the development of ovules into embryogenic shoots, whereas higher concentrations were more favorable to the development of shoots from the ovary wall. In total, 87 regenerated plants were obtained from unpollinated ovaries of Sorbonne. The chromosome ploidy of 20 of these was determined by counting root tip chromosomes, and eight of the regenerated plants were found to be haploids.

中文翻译：

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百合未授粉卵巢的体外胚胎形成和植株再生

未授粉卵巢的体外培养是用于诱导雌核发育的技术之一。探讨百合雌性生殖机制并获得单倍体以缩短育种周期，花芽取样时间、外源植物生长调节剂（PGRs）和不同浓度毒莠定对百合未授粉子房胚胎形成的体外影响L.'Sorbonne'（东方杂交种）进行了研究。结果表明，花蕾长度≥8 cm最为适宜。PGR 毒莠定和 2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸 (2,4-D) 与 6-苄氨基嘌呤 (6-BA) 或激动素可用于体外诱导胚珠扩张。然而，大多数胚珠不能在含有 2,4-D 的培养基上存活，而在含有毒莠定的培养基上生长的胚珠发育正常。特别是，较低浓度的毒莠定 (0.5 mg L ^-1) 被发现有利于胚珠发育成胚芽，而更高的浓度更有利于从子房壁发育出芽。总共从索邦大学未授粉的卵巢中获得了 87 株再生植物。其中20个的染色体倍性是通过计算根尖染色体确定的，其中8个再生植物被发现是单倍体。