The ability of populations to persist and adapt to environmental changes is based on genetic diversity. Substantial empirical data shows that the genetic integrity of natural fish population is being compromised by the effect of anthropogenic interventions and robust environmental conditions. Genetic diversity estimates were obtained for 210 individuals of Cyprinus carpio sampled from six sites of Indus river basin, using 14 microsatellite loci as markers. The results showed a moderate level of genetic diversity in terms of number of alleles (Na), effective number of alleles (Nae) and heterozygosity (H). Significant deviation from Hardy Weinberg equilibrium was observed in 17 out of 84 tests. The pairwise F_ST values showed a moderate level of population differentiation. AMOVA revealed a significant genetic structuring among the wild populations. The UPGMA dendrogram constructed for analysis of genetic relatedness grouped all the populations into two clusters. The understanding of genetic structure of C. carpio in natural systems would be instrumental in genetic enhancement programs, effective management and sustainable conservation of riverine genetic resources.

种群持续存在和适应环境变化的能力基于遗传多样性。大量经验数据表明，天然鱼类种群的遗传完整性受到人为干预和恶劣环境条件的影响。使用 14 个微卫星位点作为标记，获得了从印度河流域六个地点取样的 210 个鲤鱼个体的遗传多样性估计值。结果表明，在等位基因数（ Na）、有效等位基因数（Nae）和杂合性（H ）方面，遗传多样性处于中等水平。在 84 次测试中有 17 次观察到与 Hardy Weinberg 平衡的显着偏差。成对的F_ST值显示中等水平的人群分化。AMOVA 揭示了野生种群中显着的遗传结构。为分析遗传相关性而构建的 UPGMA 树状图将所有种群分为两个集群。了解自然系统中鲤鱼的遗传结构将有助于河流遗传资源的遗传增强计划、有效管理和可持续保护。