The control of macrosegregation is still a difficult problem for the production of large steel ingots. In order to develop new techniques for producing low-macrosegregation and high-quality steel ingots, the effect of the heat absorption method (HAM) used by the inorganic material rods to cool the liquid steel on the formation of macrosegregation during solidification of a 5-t GCr15SiMn bearing steel ingot was studied using experiment and mathematical simulation. The inorganic material was a mixture of CaF₂ and CaO. The levels of macrosegregation in the longitudinal sections of two ingots with and without HAM were compared. Experimental results showed that the application of HAM reduced the positive segregation in the upper part of the ingot and the negative segregation in the lower part. The levels of carbon segregation along the longitudinal centerline and horizontal direction at different heights were all alleviated and the fluctuation of carbon segregation was significantly reduced. The simulation results confirmed that the melting and floating of the inorganic material could carry the sensible heat to the top of the liquid steel quickly. This leads to the acceleration of the cooling rate of the liquid steel, thereby alleviating the level of macrosegregation.

宏观偏析的控制仍是大钢锭生产的难题。为了开发生产低宏观偏析和高质量钢锭的新技术，无机材料棒冷却钢液的吸热法（HAM）对5-5-钢凝固过程中宏观偏析形成的影响t GCr15SiMn轴承钢锭通过实验和数学模拟研究。无机材料是CaF _{2的混合物}和 CaO。比较了有和没有 HAM 的两个铸锭纵向截面的宏观偏析水平。实验结果表明，HAM的应用减少了铸锭上部的正偏析和下部的负偏析。不同高度沿纵向中心线和水平方向的碳偏析程度均有所缓解，碳偏析波动明显减小。模拟结果证实，无机材料的熔化和漂浮可以将显热快速带到钢水顶部。这导致钢水的冷却速度加快，从而减轻了宏观偏析的程度。