We aimed to examine the association between exposure to work stress and chronic disease incidence and loss of chronic disease-free life years in the Danish workforce. The study population included 1,592,491 employees, aged 30–59 in 2000 and without prevalent chronic diseases. We assessed work stress as the combination of job strain and effort-reward imbalance using job exposure matrices. We used Cox regressions to estimate risk of incident hospital-diagnoses or death of chronic diseases (i.e., type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, stroke, cancer, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, heart failure, and dementia) during 18 years of follow-up and calculated corresponding chronic disease-free life expectancy from age 30 to age 75. Individuals working in occupations with high prevalence of work stress had a higher risk of incident chronic disease compared to those in occupations with low prevalence of work stress (women: HR 1.04 (95% CI 1.02–1.05), men: HR 1.12 (95% CI 1.11–1.14)). The corresponding loss in chronic disease-free life expectancy was 0.25 (95% CI − 0.10 to 0.60) and 0.84 (95% CI 0.56–1.11) years in women and men, respectively. Additional adjustment for health behaviours attenuated these associations among men. We conclude that men working in high-stress occupations have a small loss of years lived without chronic disease compared to men working in low-stress occupations. This finding appeared to be partially attributable to harmful health behaviours. In women, high work stress indicated a very small and statistically non-significant loss of years lived without chronic disease.

我们的目的是研究丹麦劳动力中工作压力暴露与慢性病发病率和慢性无病生命年损失之间的关联。研究人群包括 1,592,491 名员工，2000 年年龄在 30-59 岁之间，没有流行的慢性病。我们使用工作暴露矩阵将工作压力评估为工作压力和努力-回报失衡的组合。我们使用 Cox 回归来估计在 18 年的随访期间医院诊断或慢性疾病（即 2 型糖尿病、冠心病、中风、癌症、哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺病、心力衰竭和痴呆症）死亡的风险-up 并计算出相应的 30 岁至 75 岁的慢性无病预期寿命。与工作压力低的职业相比，从事工作压力高的职业的人患慢性病的风险更高（女性：HR 1.04 (95% CI 1.02–1.05)，男性：HR 1.12 (95%置信区间 1.11–1.14))。在女性和男性中，相应的慢性无病预期寿命损失分别为 0.25（95% CI − 0.10 至 0.60）和 0.84（95% CI 0.56–1.11）年。对健康行为的额外调整减弱了男性之间的这些关联。我们得出的结论是，与从事低压力职业的男性相比，从事高压力职业的男性在没有慢性病的情况下会少活几年。这一发现似乎部分归因于有害的健康行为。在女性中，