Age-related comorbidities and physical function impairments in aging people with HIV (PWH) can be improved through exercise interventions. The mechanisms underlying these improvements, including lipidomic changes, are unknown. Sedentary adults (50–75 years old) with or without HIV participated in supervised endurance/resistance exercise for 24 weeks. Plasma lipid concentrations (∼1,200 lipid species from 13 lipid classes) at baseline and week 24 were measured by mass spectrometry. Given multiple comparisons, unadjusted and Benjamini–Hochberg corrected p values are reported. Analyses are considered exploratory. Twenty-five PWH and 24 controls had paired samples at baseline and week 24. The change in total triacylglycerol (TAG) concentrations after exercise intervention differed between groups (unadj-p = 0.006, adj-p = 0.078) with concentrations increasing among controls, but not among PWH. Changes in concentrations of TAG species composed of long-chain fatty acids differed between groups (unadj-p < 0.04) with increases among controls, but not among PWH. Changes in total diacylglycerol (DAG) concentration from baseline to week 24 differed between groups (unadj-p = 0.03, adj-p = 0.2) with an increase in PWH and a nonsignificant decrease in controls. Baseline to week 24 changes in DAGs composed of palmitic acid (16:0), palmitoleic acid (16:1), and stearic acid (18:0) differed by serostatus (unadj-p = 0.009–0.03; adj-p 0.10–0.12), with nonsignificant increases and decreases in concentrations in PWH and controls, respectively. Concentrations of individual lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) and ceramide (CER) species also differed by HIV serostatus (unadj-p < = 0.05). Although exploratory, the effects of exercise on the lipidome may differ among people with and without HIV, potentially due to underlying alterations in lipid processing and fatty acid oxidation in PWH. Clinical Trials NCT02404792.

中文翻译：

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艾滋病毒感染者和未感染者运动后脂质组的变化：一项探索性研究


老年艾滋病毒感染者（PWH）的与年龄相关的合并症和身体功能障碍可以通过运动干预得到改善。这些改善（包括脂质组学变化）背后的机制尚不清楚。感染或未感染 HIV 的久坐成年人（50-75 岁）参加了为期 24 周的有人监督的耐力/抵抗运动。通过质谱法测量基线和第 24 周的血浆脂质浓度（来自 13 个脂质类别的约 1,200 种脂质）。考虑到多重比较，报告了未调整的和 Benjamini-Hochberg 校正的p值。分析被认为是探索性的。 25 名 PWH 和 24 名对照者在基线和第 24 周时进行了配对样本。运动干预后总三酰甘油 (TAG) 浓度的变化在各组之间存在差异（unadj- p = 0.006，adj- p = 0.078），对照组中浓度增加，但在感染者中则不然。由长链脂肪酸组成的 TAG 种类的浓度变化在各组之间存在差异 (unadj- p < 0.04)，在对照组中有所增加，但在 PWH 中则没有增加。总二酰甘油 (DAG) 浓度从基线到第 24 周的变化在各组之间存在差异 (unadj- p = 0.03, adj- p = 0.2)，PWH 增加，而对照组则无显着下降。由棕榈酸 (16:0)、棕榈油酸 (16:1) 和硬脂酸 (18:0) 组成的 DAG 的基线到第 24 周的变化因血清状态而异（unadj- p = 0.009–0.03；adj-p 0.10– 0.12），PWH 和对照组的浓度分别无显着增加和减少。个体溶血磷脂酰胆碱 (LPC) 和神经酰胺 (CER) 种类的浓度也因 HIV 血清状态而异 (unadj- p < = 0.05)。 尽管是探索性的，但运动对脂质组的影响在感染艾滋病毒和未感染艾滋病毒的人之间可能有所不同，这可能是由于感染者中脂质加工和脂肪酸氧化的潜在变化所致。临床试验 NCT02404792。