Abstract

The Schwartz Model of Basic Values is an influential framework that describes what people find important and worth pursuing in life. The model proposes that ten human values are found cross-culturally, and so significant efforts have gone into empirically testing these claims. While instruments such as the Portrait Values Questionnaire-40 (PVQ-40) reliably discriminated the full set of theorized values, briefer versions have either suffered from a lack of construct validity (PVQ-21) or from not having been put through a rigorous statistical test of its underlying structure (Twenty Item Values Inventory [TwIVI]) via confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The present study, using a Portuguese sample of adults (n = 524), is the first to examine the factorial structure of the TwIVI via CFA. We apply a magnifying glass approach by testing two separate models, each covering five values, which reflect the Growth and Self-protective dimensions. Moreover, we provide evidences that the TwIVI is reliable and capable of capturing the theorized quasi-circumplex structure, and the cross-cultural gender differences and relative hierarchical importance of values. Finally, we establish criterion-related validity, with values correlating with political identity and social and economic issues.

摘要

施瓦茨基本价值观模型是一个有影响力的框架，它描述了人们认为生活中什么是重要的和值得追求的。该模型提出十种人类价值观是跨文化发现的，因此人们付出了巨大的努力来对这些主张进行实证检验。虽然 Portrait Values Questionnaire-40 (PVQ-40) 等工具可靠地区分了全套理论值，但较简短的版本要么缺乏结构有效性 (PVQ-21)，要么没有经过严格的统计通过验证性因素分析 (CFA) 测试其基础结构（二十项价值量表 [TwIVI]）。本研究使用葡萄牙成年人样本（n = 524)，是第一个通过 CFA 检查 TwIVI 的阶乘结构的人。我们通过测试两个独立的模型来应用放大镜方法，每个模型涵盖反映成长和自我保护维度的五个值。此外，我们提供的证据表明 TwI​​VI 是可靠的，能够捕捉理论化的准圆环结构、跨文化性别差异和价值观的相对等级重要性。最后，我们建立了与标准相关的有效性，其价值观与政治身份以及社会和经济问题相关。