Due to its low invasiveness and controllability, chemogenetic approaches offer a highly attractive option to modulate neuronal activity in basic research and future clinical applications. Chemogenetics have revolutionized neuroscience research by facilitating manipulations of selective brain circuits. To date, however, the large majority of these studies have been conducted in rodent models, while the wide application of chemogenetics in nonhuman primates (NHPs) is yet to occur. Still, important progress has been achieved in the use of chemogenetics in NHP studies in the last few years. Here we review the studies that have been published using chemogenetics in NHPs and discuss the current limitations of the technique to its more widespread use in NHPs and possible ways to overcome them.

由于其低侵入性和可控性，化学遗传学方法为调节基础研究和未来临床应用中的神经元活动提供了极具吸引力的选择。化学遗传学通过促进选择性脑回路的操作彻底改变了神经科学研究。然而，迄今为止，这些研究中的大部分是在啮齿动物模型中进行的，而化学遗传学在非人类灵长类动物 (NHP) 中的广泛应用尚未发生。尽管如此，在过去几年中，化学遗传学在 NHP 研究中的应用取得了重要进展。在这里，我们回顾了在 NHPs 中使用化学遗传学发表的研究，并讨论了该技术在 NHPs 中更广泛使用的当前局限性以及克服这些问题的可能方法。