While topography can infer erosion potential, the practice of conventional agronomic management can trigger accelerated erosion and pose major threats to soil assets such as biodiversity. The majority of farmlands in Upper-Eastern Ghana are moderately hilly and highly susceptible to erosion. This study pioneered the comparative and interactive effects of topography and conventional versus conservation agriculture practices (reduced tillage, main crop and cover crop, crop residue retention vs. removal) in treatments amended with 0, 40, and 80 kg ha⁻¹ N on soil physicochemical properties and microbiota. Topography imposed profound shifts in soil physiochemical properties and prokaryotic community structure. Foot-slope soils harbored higher prokaryotic richness and diversity compared to the up-slope. Bacillaceae (28.95%) and anaerobic bacteria increased in relative abundance in foot-slope soils, while Micrococcaceae (25.79%) gained prominence in up-slope soils. The effect of tillage was significant in foot-slope while crop rotation was influential in up-slope soils on structuring the prokaryotic community. The interactive effect of slope × tillage was significant in altering soil physiochemical properties, but not prokaryotic community structure. Variation in prokaryotic community composition was explained by soil physiochemical properties (14.5%), elevation as a proxy for topography (11.3%), and spatial distance (10.8%), but rather weakly overall by agronomic practices. Among the soil physicochemical properties, pH, clay content, total C%, volumetric water content, temperature, cation exchange capacity, and NO₃⁻-N were relevant factors influencing the soil microbiota. Geomorphic and soil edaphic properties appeared to interact and were the primary triggers of variation in soil microbiota and their responses to the range of agronomic practices that incorporated conservation management outcomes.

虽然地形可以推断出侵蚀潜力，但传统农艺管理的做法会引发加速侵蚀并对生物多样性等土壤资产构成重大威胁。加纳上东部的大部分农田为中等丘陵地带，极易受到侵蚀。本研究开创了在土壤上使用 0、40 和 80 kg ha ^-1 N修正的处理中地形和传统与保护性农业实践（减少耕作、主要作物和覆盖作物、作物残留物保留与清除）的比较和交互影响理化性质和微生物群。地形对土壤理化性质和原核生物群落结构造成了深远的影响。与上坡相比，足坡土壤具有更高的原核生物丰富度和多样性。足坡土壤中芽孢杆菌科（28.95%）和厌氧菌相对丰度增加，而微球菌科(25.79%) 在上坡土壤中占有突出地位。耕作对坡脚土壤的影响显着，而轮作在上坡土壤中对构建原核生物群落有影响。坡度×耕作的交互作用对改变土壤理化性质有显着影响，但对原核群落结构没有影响。土壤理化特性（14.5%）、海拔代表地形（11.3%）和空间距离（10.8%）解释了原核群落组成的变化，但总体而言，农艺实践的影响不大。在土壤理化性质中，pH、粘土含量、总C%、体积含水量、温度、阳离子交换容量和NO ₃ ^--N 是影响土壤微生物群的相关因素。地貌和土壤土壤特性似乎相互作用，是土壤微生物群变化的主要触发因素，也是它们对纳入保护管理成果的一系列农艺实践的反应。