We aim to study the biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) ability of soybean (Glycine max) progenies and their ability for symbioses using different Bradyrhizobium strains, as well as select progenies and strains that are more efficient in BNF to guide strategies in soybean breeding. An experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, evaluating 24 soybean progenies and five Bradyrhizobium strains. Mean values from analysis of variance were compared by the Scott–Knot test, and partial diallel analysis was performed to estimate general and specific combining ability. Following analysis of the greenhouse experiment, 10 soybean progenies and two Bradyrhizobium strains (SEMIA 587 and INPA 03–11B) were selected to carry out a field trial experiment. Biological nitrogen fixation was affected by genotype, strain, and genotype × strain interactions. Additive effects were predominant on the traits related to BNF, indicating that recurrent selection could be an effective breeding strategy. The progenies showed higher values for the traits related to field nodulation but did not improve seed yield. The EA-8 progeny stood out for high yield and had good results in traits related to BNF and early maturity. The INPA 03–11B strain had the best result for seed yield, indicating high potential for use as an inoculant in soybean crops.

中文翻译：

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大豆后代和缓生根瘤菌菌株的生物固氮结合能力

我们旨在研究大豆 ( Glycine max ) 后代的生物固氮 (BNF) 能力及其共生能力，使用不同的Bradyrhizobium菌株，以及选择 BNF 更有效的后代和菌株来指导大豆育种策略。在温室中进行了一项实验，评估了 24 个大豆后代和五个慢生根瘤菌菌株。通过 Scott–Knot 检验比较方差分析的平均值，并进行部分双列分析以估计一般和特定的结合能力。温室实验分析后，10 个大豆后代和两个慢生根瘤菌选择菌株（SEMIA 587 和 INPA 03-11B）进行田间试验。生物固氮受基因型、菌株和基因型×菌株相互作用的影响。BNF 相关性状的加性效应占主导地位，表明轮回选择可能是一种有效的育种策略。后代显示出与田间结瘤相关的性状的较高值，但没有提高种子产量。EA-8 后代以高产脱颖而出，并且在与 BNF 和早熟相关的性状方面取得了良好的结果。INPA 03–11B 菌株在种子产量方面的结果最好，表明在大豆作物中用作接种剂的潜力很大。