Acute mental health symptoms experienced during oil spill response work are understudied, especially among nonlocal responders. We assessed potential risk factors for acute mental health symptoms and tobacco initiation among U.S. Coast Guard responders to the 2010 Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill who completed a deployment exit survey. Cross-sectional associations among responder characteristics, deployment-related stressors (deployment duration, timing, crude oil exposure, physical symptoms, injuries), and professional help-seeking for stressors experienced with concurrent depression/anxiety and tobacco initiation were examined. Log-binomial regression was used to calculate adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) and 95% confidence intervals. Sensitivity analyses excluded responders with a history of mental health conditions using health encounter data from the Military Health System Data Repository. Of the 4,855 responders, 75.5% were deployed from nonlocal/non-Gulf home stations, 5.8% reported concurrent depression and anxiety, and 2.8% reported the initiation of any tobacco product during oil spill response. Self-report of concurrent depression and anxiety was more prevalent among female responders and positively associated with longer deployments, crude oil exposure via inhalation, physical symptoms and injuries, and professional help–seeking during deployment, aPRs = 1.54–6.55. Tobacco initiation was inversely associated with older age and officer rank and positively associated with deployment-related stressors and depression/anxiety during deployment, aPRs = 1.58–4.44. Associations remained robust after excluding responders with a history of mental health– and tobacco–related health encounters up to 3 years before deployment. Depression, anxiety, and tobacco initiation were cross-sectionally associated with oil spill response work experiences among DWH responders, who largely originated outside of the affected community.

中文翻译：

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深水地平线漏油事件海岸警卫队响应人员中急性心理健康症状和吸烟的危险因素


漏油应急响应工作中出现的急性心理健康症状尚未得到充分研究，特别是对于非本地响应人员。我们评估了美国海岸警卫队应对 2010 年深水地平线(DWH) 漏油事件的人员中急性心理健康症状和开始吸烟的潜在风险因素，这些人员完成了部署退出调查。检查了响应者特征、与部署相关的压力源（部署持续时间、时间安排、原油暴露、身体症状、伤害）以及对同时患有抑郁/焦虑和开始吸烟的压力源寻求专业帮助之间的横断面关联。对数二项式回归用于计算调整后的患病率 ( PR s) 和 95% 置信区间。敏感性分析使用军事卫生系统数据存储库中的健康遭遇数据排除了有心理健康状况史的响应者。在 4,855 名响应人员中，75.5% 是从非本地/非海湾地区驻地部署的，5.8% 报告同时存在抑郁和焦虑，2.8% 报告在漏油响应期间开始使用任何烟草产品。自我报告的同时抑郁和焦虑在女性响应者中更为普遍，并且与较长的部署时间、吸入原油暴露、身体症状和伤害以及部署期间寻求专业帮助呈正相关， PR s = 1.54-6.55。开始吸烟与年龄和军官级别呈负相关，与部署相关的压力源和部署期间的抑郁/焦虑呈正相关， PR s = 1.58-4.44。 在排除部署前 3 年内有心理健康和烟草相关健康遭遇史的响应者后，关联仍然强劲。抑郁、焦虑和开始吸烟与 DWH 响应人员的漏油响应工作经历存在横向联系，这些响应人员大多来自受影响社区之外。