Mental health data from the 2016–2017 Vietnam Era Health Retrospective Observational Study (VE-HEROeS) were analyzed by cohort, represented by United States Vietnam theater veterans (VTs) who served in Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos; nontheater veterans (NTs) without theater service; and age- and sex-matched nonveterans (NVs) without military service. The exposure of interest was Vietnam theater service. Surveys mailed to random samples of veterans (n = 42,393) and nonveterans (n = 6,885) resulted in response rates of 45.0% for veterans (n = 6,735 VTs, M_age = 70.09, SE = 0.04; n = 12,131 NTs) and 67.0% for NVs (n = 4,530). We examined self-report data on four mental health outcomes: probable posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, psychological distress, and overall mental health functioning. Weighted adjusted odds ratios (aORs) between each outcome and cohort were estimated, controlling for covariates in four models: cohort plus sociodemographic variables (Model 1), Model 1 plus physical health variables (Model 2), Model 2 plus potentially traumatic events (PTEs; Model 3), and Model 3 plus other military service variables (Model 4). Mental health outcome prevalence was highest for VTs versus other cohorts, with the largest aOR, 2.88, for PTSD, 95% CI [2.46, 3.37], p < .001 (Model 4, VT:NT). Physical health and PTEs contributed most to observed effects; other service variables contributed least to aORs overall. Mental health dysfunction persists among VTs years after the war's end. The present results reaffirm previous findings and highlight the need for continued mental health surveillance in VTs.

中文翻译：

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越南战区退伍军人的心理健康——战争的持久影响：2016-2017 年越南时代健康回顾性观察研究

2016-2017 年越南时代健康回顾性观察研究 (VE-HEROeS) 的心理健康数据按队列分析，以在越南、柬埔寨和老挝服役的美国越战退伍军人 (VTs) 为代表；没有剧院服务的非剧院退伍军人（NT）；以及没有服兵役的年龄和性别匹配的非退伍军人 (NV)。感兴趣的曝光是越南剧院服务。邮寄给退伍军人 ( n = 42,393) 和非退伍军人 ( n = 6,885)随机样本的调查结果显示，退伍军人的回复率为 45.0% ( n = 6,735 VT，M_年龄= 70.09，SE = 0.04；n = 12,131 NT) 和 67.0 NV 的百分比（n= 4,530)。我们检查了关于四种心理健康结果的自我报告数据：可能的创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD)、抑郁症、心理困扰和整体心理健康功能。估计了每个结果和队列之间的加权调整优势比 (a ORs )，控制了四个模型中的协变量：队列加社会人口变量（模型 1）、模型 1 加身体健康变量（模型 2）、模型 2 加潜在创伤事件（ PTE；模型 3）和模型 3 加上其他军事服务变量（模型 4）。与其他队列相比，VT 的心理健康结果患病率最高，PTSD 的 a OR最大，为 2.88，95% CI [2.46, 3.37]，p< .001（型号 4，VT:NT）。身体健康和 PTE 对观察到的影响贡献最大；其他服务变量对整体OR的贡献最小。战争结束多年后，精神健康障碍在 VT 中仍然存在。目前的结果重申了先前的发现，并强调了对 VT 进行持续心理健康监测的必要性。