The superblock urban planning model is a response to mass rapid urbanization with large migration to big cities commonly seen in many Asian megacities. This paper investigates the evolution and transformation of superblocks in Gangnam District in Seoul during a period of intense urbanization between 1980 s and 2020 s, and its effects on urban ventilation environment. Four superblocks were selected, and mapping studies, CFD wind simulation analysis and field measurements were performed to identify areas of poor ventilation using minimum wind velocity criteria (<1.0 m/s). Significant changes in urban form are: a) average 43% increase in site coverage ratio from 1980 s to 2020 s; b) edge densification of large and taller buildings along superblock perimeter; and c) inner-block densification of low and mid-rise buildings within narrow street networks. It is found that large areas of inner block with little open space experience poor ventilation with air flow passing over much of these dense areas. Perimeter densification of tall buildings and inner grid discontinuous streets demonstrated to worsen the ventilation conditions. Winds from large perimeter roads are blocked from reaching inner areas forming a walled effect as seen from more than 67% of poor ventilation areas occurring in the inner-block areas. Although ventilation has worsened with densification maximum block velocities has increased between 8 and 50% with high velocities of more than 6 m/s occurring at perimeters near large edge roads. Superblocks with wider through roads and large ground-level open space of recent building redevelopments improves surrounding ventilation and allows for winds to reach further into the block. Superblocks as large living blocks must be allowed to breathe through increasing porosity not only along the perimeter but also by adding voids within inner areas to become a healthy, livable, cross-connected compact urban planning model.

超级街区城市规划模式是对大规模快速城市化的回应，大量人口迁移到大城市，这在许多亚洲特大城市中很常见。本文研究了 1980 年代至 2020 年代期间，首尔江南区超级街区的演变和转变，以及其对城市通风环境的影响。选择了四个超级区块，并进行了绘图研究、CFD 风模拟分析和现场测量，以使用最小风速标准 (<1.0 m/s) 确定通风不良的区域。城市形态的显着变化是： a) 从 1980 年代到 2020 年代，场地覆盖率平均增加 43%；b) 沿超级街区周边的大型和较高建筑物的边缘致密化；c) 狭窄街道网络内低层和中层建筑的内部街区密集化。研究发现，开放空间很小的内部街区大面积通风不良，气流通过这些密集区域的大部分。高层建筑的周边密集化和内部网格不连续的街道表明通风条件恶化。从超过 67% 的通风不良区域发生在内部街区区域中可以看出，来自大型周边道路的风被阻挡而无法到达内部区域，从而形成了围墙效应。尽管通风随着致密化而恶化，但最大路段速度增加了 8% 到 50%，在大型边缘道路附近的周边出现超过 6 m/s 的高速。具有更宽道路的超级街区和近期建筑重建的大型地面开放空间改善了周围的通风，并允许风进一步进入街区。超级街区作为大型生活街区，不仅要沿周边增加孔隙度，还要在内部区域增加空隙，以成为健康、宜居、交叉连接的紧凑型城市规划模型。