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Independent of Renox, NOX5 Promotes Renal Inflammation and Fibrosis in Diabetes by Activating ROS-Sensitive Pathways
Diabetes ( IF 6.2 ) Pub Date : 2022-03-11 , DOI: 10.2337/db21-1079
Jay C Jha 1 , Aozhi Dai 1 , Jessica Garzarella 1 , Amelia Charlton 1 , Sofia Urner 2 , Jakob A Østergaard 1, 3 , Jun Okabe 1 , Chet E Holterman 4 , Alison Skene 5 , David A Power 6 , Elif I Ekinci 7 , Melinda T Coughlan 1 , Harald H H W Schmidt 8 , Mark E Cooper 1 , Rhian M Touyz 9 , Chris R Kennedy 4 , Karin Jandeleit-Dahm 1, 2
Affiliation  

Excessive production of renal reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays a major role in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Here, we provide key findings demonstrating the predominant pathological role of the pro-oxidant enzyme NADPH oxidase 5 (NOX5) in DKD, independent of the previously characterized NOX4 pathway. In patients with diabetes, we found increased expression of renal NOX5 in association with enhanced ROS formation and upregulation of ROS-sensitive factors early growth response 1 (EGR-1), protein kinase C-α (PKC-α), and a key metabolic gene involved in redox balance, thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP). In preclinical models of DKD, overexpression of NOX5 in Nox4-deficient mice enhances kidney damage by increasing albuminuria and augmenting renal fibrosis and inflammation via enhanced ROS formation and the modulation of EGR1, TXNIP, ERK1/2, PKC-α, and PKC-ε. In addition, the only first-in-class NOX inhibitor, GKT137831, appears to be ineffective in the presence of NOX5 expression in diabetes. In vitro, silencing of NOX5 in human mesangial cells attenuated upregulation of EGR1, PKC-α, and TXNIP induced by high glucose levels, as well as markers of inflammation (TLR4 and MCP-1) and fibrosis (CTGF and collagens I and III) via reduction in ROS formation. Collectively, these findings identify NOX5 as a superior target in human DKD compared with other NOX isoforms such as NOX4, which may have been overinterpreted in previous rodent studies.

中文翻译:

独立于 Renox,NOX5 通过激活 ROS 敏感通路促进糖尿病患者的肾脏炎症和纤维化

肾脏活性氧 (ROS) 的过量产生在糖尿病肾病 (DKD) 中起主要作用。在这里,我们提供的关键发现证明了促氧化酶 NADPH 氧化酶 5 (NOX5) 在 DKD 中的主要病理作用,与先前表征的 NOX4 途径无关。在糖尿病患者中,我们发现肾脏 NOX5 的表达增加与 ROS 形成增强和 ROS 敏感因子早期生长反应 1 (EGR-1)、蛋白激酶 C-α (PKC-α) 和关键代谢参与氧化还原平衡的基因,硫氧还蛋白相互作用蛋白(TXNIP)。在 DKD 的临床前模型中,Nox4 缺陷小鼠中 NOX5 的过表达通过增加白蛋白尿和通过增强 ROS 形成和调节 EGR1、TXNIP、ERK1/2 来增加肾纤维化和炎症来增强肾损伤。PKC-α 和 PKC-ε。此外,唯一的一流 NOX 抑制剂 GKT137831 在糖尿病中存在 NOX5 表达的情况下似乎无效。在体外,人系膜细胞中 NOX5 的沉默减弱了由高葡萄糖水平以及炎症标志物(TLR4 和 MCP-1)和纤维化(CTGF 和胶原蛋白 I 和 III)诱导的 EGR1、PKC-α 和 TXNIP 的上调通过减少 ROS 的形成。总的来说,这些发现将 NOX5 确定为人类 DKD 中优于其他 NOX 同种型(如 NOX4)的优越靶标,这在以前的啮齿动物研究中可能被过度解释了。和 TXNIP 由高葡萄糖水平以及炎症标志物(TLR4 和 MCP-1)和纤维化(CTGF 和胶原蛋白 I 和 III)通过减少 ROS 形成诱导。总的来说,这些发现将 NOX5 确定为人类 DKD 中优于其他 NOX 同种型(如 NOX4)的优越靶标,这在以前的啮齿动物研究中可能被过度解释了。和 TXNIP 由高葡萄糖水平以及炎症标志物(TLR4 和 MCP-1)和纤维化(CTGF 和胶原蛋白 I 和 III)通过减少 ROS 形成诱导。总的来说,这些发现将 NOX5 确定为人类 DKD 中优于其他 NOX 同种型(如 NOX4)的优越靶标,这在以前的啮齿动物研究中可能被过度解释了。
更新日期:2022-03-11
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