We seek to understand rational decision making and if it exists whether finite (bounded) agents may be able to achieve its principles. This aim has been a singular objective throughout much of human science and philosophy, with early discussions identified since antiquity. More recently, there has been a thriving debate based on differing perspectives on rationality, including adaptive heuristics, Bayesian theory, quantum theory, resource rationality, and probabilistic language of thought. Are these perspectives on rationality mutually exclusive? Are they all needed? Do they undermine an aim to have rational standards in decision situations like politics, medicine, legal proceedings, and others, where there is an expectation and need for decision making as close to “optimal” as possible? This special issue brings together representative contributions from the currently predominant views on rationality, with a view to evaluate progress on these and related questions.

中文翻译：

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重新思考理性

我们寻求理解理性决策，以及是否存在有限（有界）代理是否能够实现其原则。这一目标一直是贯穿人类科学和哲学的一个单一目标，自古以来就有早期的讨论。最近，基于对理性的不同观点，包括自适应启发式、贝叶斯理论、量子理论、资源理性和概率思维语言，出现了一场激烈的辩论。这些关于理性的观点是否相互排斥？他们都需要吗？它们是否破坏了在政治、医学、法律诉讼等决策情况下制定合理标准的目标，哪里有尽可能接近“最佳”的决策的期望和需求？本期特刊汇集了当前关于理性的主流观点的代表性贡献，旨在评估这些及相关问题的进展。