Childhood adversities have a well-established dose–response relationship with later mental health. However, less attention has been given to intergenerational influences. Further, it is unknown how intergenerational influences intersect with children’s developmental stages and gender. The current study examined whether a developmental inflection point exists when the intergenerational influences of childhood adversities gain salience and explored differences by children’s gender. Data were from the Young Women and Child Development Study (n = 361). Time-varying effect models (TVEMs) and moderation TVEMs by child’s gender were evaluated. Our findings reveal that ages 5–8, the period of transition into primary schools, may represent a developmental inflection point when the intergenerational influences of maternal childhood adversity start emerging substantially. The results from gender interaction TVEMs reveal that maternal childhood adversity was a statistically significant predictor of internalizing problems until age 11, regardless of child’s gender, and remained statistically significant for girls’ internalizing problems until age 16.7. For externalizing problems, maternal childhood adversity was a statistically significant predictor until age 13, regardless of gender.

童年时期的逆境与后来的心理健康有着明确的剂量反应关系。然而，代际影响却很少受到关注。此外，尚不清楚代际影响如何与儿童的发展阶段和性别相交叉。目前的研究探讨了当童年逆境的代际影响变得显着时是否存在发展拐点，并探讨了儿童性别的差异。数据来自年轻妇女和儿童发展研究（n = 361）。对时变效应模型 (TVEM) 和按儿童性别调节 TVEM 进行了评估。我们的研究结果表明，5-8 岁，即进入小学的过渡期，可能代表着一个发展拐点，此时母亲童年逆境的代际影响开始显着显现。性别互动 TVEM 的结果表明，无论孩子的性别如何，在 11 岁之前，母亲童年时期的逆境都是内化问题的统计显着预测因素，并且在 16.7 岁之前对于女孩的内化问题仍然具有统计显着性。对于外化问题，无论性别如何，在 13 岁之前，母亲童年时期的逆境都是一个具有统计学意义的预测因素。