Since the overuse of antibiotics in animal production has led to a selection of antibiotic-resistant pathogens that affect humans and animals as well. Scientists are therefore searching for novel natural alternatives to antibiotics. In this study Lactobacillus reuteri and a combination of reuterin and microcin J25 (RJ) were evaluated as promoters of growth and modulators of the cecal microbiota and metabolite profiles in broiler chickens. One-day-old Cobb 500 male broilers were distributed to 8 treatments: negative control (without antibiotic), positive control (bacitracin), three concentrations of RJ and three doses of L. reuteri plus glycerol. The birds (2176, 34 per pen, 8 pens per treatment) were reared for 35 d. The body weight of the bacitracin and 5 mmol/L reuterin combined with 0.08 μmol/L microcin J25 (10RJ) treatment group was significantly higher than that of the negative control group (P < 0.05). L. reuteri had no significant effect on broiler growth. MiSeq high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA showed clustering of cecal microbial operational taxonomic unit diversity according to treatment. The influence of bacitracin and 10RJ on bacterial community overall structure was similar. They promoted Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae and Lactobacillaceae, increased the relative abundance of Faecalibacterium and decreased the abundance of Bacteroides and Alistipes, while the negative control condition favored Bacteroidaceae and Rikenellaceae. Furthermore, 10RJ increased the concentration of short-chain fatty acid in the cecum and changed the metabolome overall. These overall suggest that 10RJ can promote a host-friendly gut environment by changing the cecal microbiome and metabolome. This combination of natural antimicrobial agents in the drinking water had a positive effect on broiler growth and may be suitable as an alternative to antibiotic growth promoters.

中文翻译：

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饮水中添加罗伊氏乳杆菌以及罗伊氏菌素和小菌素 J25 混合物对肉鸡生长性能、盲肠微生物群和部分代谢物的影响

由于在动物生产中过度使用抗生素导致了对抗生素耐药性病原体的选择，这些病原体也会影响人类和动物。因此，科学家们正在寻找抗生素的新型天然替代品。在这项研究中，罗伊氏乳杆菌以及罗伊氏菌素和小菌素 J25 (RJ) 的组合被评估为肉鸡盲肠微生物群和代谢物谱的生长促进剂和调节剂。将 1 日龄的 Cobb 500 雄性肉鸡分配到 8 个处理组：阴性对照（无抗生素）、阳性对照（杆菌肽）、三种浓度的 RJ 和 3 剂罗伊氏乳杆菌加甘油。鸡群（2176 只，每栏 34 只，每次处理 8 只）饲养 35 天。杆菌肽与 5 mmol/L 罗伊氏素结合的体重为 0。08 μmol/L microcin J25（10RJ）治疗组显着高于阴性对照组（P < 0.05）。L. reuteri 对肉鸡生长没有显着影响。16S rRNA 的 MiSeq 高通量测序显示了根据治疗的盲肠微生物操作分类单元多样性的聚类。杆菌肽和10RJ对细菌群落整体结构的影响相似。他们促进了瘤胃球菌科、毛螺菌科和乳杆菌科，增加了粪杆菌的相对丰度，降低了拟杆菌和阿里斯蒂菌的丰度，而阴性对照条件有利于拟杆菌科和理科菌科。此外，10RJ 增加了盲肠中短链脂肪酸的浓度并改变了整体代谢组。这些总体表明，10RJ 可以通过改变盲肠微生物组和代谢组来促进对宿主友好的肠道环境。饮用水中天然抗菌剂的这种组合对肉鸡的生长有积极的影响，可能适合作为抗生素生长促进剂的替代品。