While investigations examining the effects of direct and vicarious police stops on youth attitudes toward the police have been limited, even less research has explored how these processes vary by race/ethnicity. Thus, this study uses the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study (FFCWS) to examine how race/ethnicity shapes: (1) the relationship between direct and vicarious police stops and youth attitudes toward police and (2) how the contextual nature of these stops (intrusiveness) influence youth perceptions of police. The results suggest that direct and/or vicarious police contact can generate negative attitudes toward police among black, Hispanic, and in some cases, white youth, though these effects vary across type of police stop and type of attitude. When a direct stop involved more officer intrusiveness, black youth reported less respect and more negative perceptions of procedural justice. As such, policymakers and criminologists should consider how race/ethnicity influences youth attitudinal responses to police encounters.

虽然调查直接和替代警察拦截对青少年对警察态度的影响的调查有限，但很少有研究探讨这些过程如何因种族/民族而异。因此，本研究使用脆弱家庭和儿童福利研究 (FFCWS) 来研究种族/民族如何塑造：(1) 直接和替代警察拦截与青少年对警察的态度之间的关系，以及 (2) 这些拦截的背景性质如何（侵入性）影响青年对警察的看法。结果表明，直接和/或替代警察接触会在黑人、西班牙裔和某些情况下，白人青年中产生对警察的负面态度，尽管这些影响因警察拦截类型和态度类型而异。当直接停止涉及更多的官员侵入时，黑人青年报告称，对程序正义的尊重较少，而对程序正义的看法更为消极。因此，政策制定者和犯罪学家应该考虑种族/民族如何影响青年对警察遭遇的态度反应。