Nonventilator hospital-associated pneumonia has recently emerged as an important preventable hospital-associated infection, and is a leading cause of healthcare-associated infection. Substantial accumulated evidence links poor oral health with an increased risk of pneumonia, which can be caused by bacterial, viral, or fungal pathogens, each with their own distinct mechanisms of transmission and host susceptibility. These infections are frequently polymicrobial, and often include microbes from biofilms in the oral cavity. Evidence documenting the importance of oral care to prevent nonventilator hospital-associated pneumonia is continuing to emerge. Reduction of oral biofilm in these populations will reduce the numbers of potential respiratory pathogens in the oral secretions that can be aspirated, which in turn can reduce the risk for pneumonia. This review summarizes up-to-date information on the role of oral care in the prevention of nonventilator hospital-associated pneumonia.

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口腔健康状况与非呼吸机医院相关性肺炎的病因及预防

非呼吸机医院相关性肺炎最近已成为一种重要的可预防医院相关感染，并且是医疗保健相关感染的主要原因。大量积累的证据将口腔健康不佳与肺炎风险增加联系起来，这可能是由细菌、病毒或真菌病原体引起的，每种病原体都有其独特的传播机制和宿主易感性。这些感染通常是多种微生物，并且通常包括来自口腔生物膜的微生物。证明口腔护理对预防非呼吸机医院相关性肺炎的重要性的证据不断涌现。这些人群中口腔生物膜的减少将减少口腔分泌物中可吸入的潜在呼吸道病原体的数量，从而降低患肺炎的风险。