The study elaborates the picture of the relationships between information and power by examining how informational and expert power appear in the characterizations of cognitive authority presented in the research literature. The study draws on the conceptual analysis of 25 key studies on the above issues. Mainly focusing on Patrick Wilson’s classic notion of cognitive authority, it was examined how informational power and expert power are constitutive of authority of this kind, and how people subject to the influence of cognitive authorities trust or challenge such authorities. The findings indicate that researchers have characterized the features of expert power inherent in cognitive authority by diverse qualifiers such as competence and trustworthiness of information sources considered authoritative. Informational power has mainly been approached in terms of irrefutability of individual arguments and facts offered by cognitive authorities. Both forms of power are persuasive in nature and information seekers can trust or challenge them by drawing on their experiential knowledge in particular. The findings also highlight the need to elaborate the construct of cognitive authority by rethinking its relevance in the networked information environments where the traditional picture of authoritative information sources is eroding.

中文翻译：

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作为信息和专家权力实例的认知权威

该研究通过研究信息和专家权力如何出现在研究文献中呈现的认知权威特征中，详细阐述了信息和权力之间的关系。该研究借鉴了对上述问题的 25 项关键研究的概念分析。主要关注帕特里克·威尔逊的经典认知权威概念，考察了信息权和专家权如何构成这种权威，以及受认知权威影响的人们如何信任或挑战这种权威。研究结果表明，研究人员通过各种限定词（例如被认为具有权威性的信息源的能力和可信度）来表征认知权威中固有的专家权力特征。信息力量主要是根据认知权威提供的个人论点和事实的无可辩驳性来处理的。这两种形式的权力本质上都具有说服力，信息寻求者可以通过特别利用他们的经验知识来信任或挑战他们。研究结果还强调了通过重新思考其在网络信息环境中的相关性来详细阐述认知权威结构的必要性，在这种环境中，权威信息源的传统形象正在受到侵蚀。