The relationship of F.M Dostoevsky with Jews attracted the attention of numerous scholars throughout the years, many of whom attempted to grapple with the views of the great writer and their origin. In this article we will attempt to show this relationship by analyzing six of Dostoevsky’s greatest novels, written through the entirety of his career. We are analyzing these novels using Distant Reading in conjunction with Close Reading, tools that are commonly used in the field of digital humanities, which enabled us to show visually the extent of F.M. Dostoevsky’s engagement with this topic. The study poses two research questions: 1. To what extent did the writer use the more denigrating term “Zhid”? 2. Can we see a correlation between the writer’s portrayal of Jews with the definition of Anti-Semitism as it was known during his era? The obtained results show that there is clearly a correlation between the definition of anti-Semitism as it was understood at the time of Dostoevsky and the “Jew” as depicted in his novels, as the financial motif is paramount in the depiction of Jews as this is the central topic in 49% of the negative sentences in which the word “Jew” appears, with 59% of these sentences classified as stereotypes. The negative financial stereotype constitutes 32% of the entire corpus. In addition, we found the term “Zhid” is commonly used by the writer, a variation of which constitutes 75% of the total terms used to depict Jews.

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陀思妥耶夫斯基与“犹太人”一词：FM 陀思妥耶夫斯基最伟大小说的定量分析

FM 陀思妥耶夫斯基与犹太人的关系多年来吸引了众多学者的关注，其中许多人试图与这位伟大作家的观点及其出身作斗争。在本文中，我们将尝试通过分析陀思妥耶夫斯基一生中最伟大的六部小说来展示这种关系。我们正在使用远程阅读结合近距离阅读来分析这些小说，这是数字人文领域常用的工具，这使我们能够直观地展示 FM 陀思妥耶夫斯基对这一主题的参与程度。该研究提出了两个研究问题：1.作者在多大程度上使用了更具贬义的术语“Zhid”？2. 我们能否看到作者对犹太人的描绘与他那个时代所熟知的反犹太主义定义之间的关联？所获得的结果表明，在陀思妥耶夫斯基时代所理解的反犹太主义的定义与他的小说中所描绘的“犹太人”之间显然存在相关性，因为金融主题在犹太人的描绘中是最重要的，因为是 49% 出现“犹太人”一词的否定句中的中心主题，其中 59% 的句子被归类为刻板印象。负面的财务刻板印象占整个语料库的 32%。此外，我们发现作者常用“Zhid”一词，其变体占用于描述犹太人的总术语的 75%。