Many post-conflict countries are characterized by a lack of human security. Women are particularly affected by violent crimes, sometimes akin to or even more than during armed conflict. Only recently has attention been drawn to femicides. Why does femicide appear to transcend between war and peace? How can the (human) security of women be improved in the long-term through a profound process of societal conflict transformation? This article answers these questions with an empirical focus on how the past of internal armed conflict was dealt with in Latin America. The region experienced state terrorism by military dictatorships in the second half of the 20th century and is one of the most insecure places for women today. Our concrete research aims are threefold: First, to locate femicide on a continuum of human insecurity between war and peace; second, to make gender-related killings committed during dictatorship visible as femicides, not solely sexualized crimes; and third, to highlight the need for a more comprehensive gender-critical human security concept. The article interprets achievements in international criminal justice as well as the increasing social protest against gendered crimes in Latin America as a starting point for a “Conflict Transformation 2.0.”

许多冲突后国家的特点是缺乏人的安全。妇女特别容易受到暴力犯罪的影响，有时类似于甚至比武装冲突期间更为严重。直到最近才引起对杀害女性的关注。为什么杀戮女性似乎超越了战争与和平之间？如何通过深刻的社会冲突转变过程来长期改善妇女的（人的）安全？本文回答了这些问题，实证重点是拉丁美洲如何处理过去的内部武装冲突。该地区在 20 世纪下半叶经历了军事独裁统治的国家恐怖主义，是当今女性最不安全的地方之一。我们的具体研究目标有三个：首先，将杀害女性定位在战争与和平之间人类不安全的连续统一体上；第二，将独裁期间与性别有关的杀戮视为杀害女性，而不仅仅是性犯罪；第三，强调需要一个更全面的性别关键人类安全概念。文章将国际刑事司法的成就以及拉丁美洲针对性别犯罪的社会抗议日益增加，解释为“冲突转型 2.0”的起点。