Etofenprox emulsions in water were prepared by mixing polyoxyethylene (20) castor oil ether (EL-20) with the surfactants polyoxyethylene (10) octylphenyl ether (OP10), polyoxyethylene styrenated phenol ether (602), polyoxyethylene (40) castor oil ether (EL-40) and octylphenyl polyoxyethylene phosphonate (OPP), respectively. Emulsion stability was investigated and analysed based on the hydrophilic-lipophilic equilibrium, surfactant structure and surface tension of the diluted emulsion. The results showed that the emulsions (EL-40 + EL-20) and (OPP + EL-20) had relatively high stability. Subsequently, the surfactants polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene-styrenated phenol ether (1601), polyalkoxylated butyl ether (LQ) and OPP were added separately to the emulsions (EL-40 + EL-20), (602 + EL-20) or (OPP + EL-20) to obtain the ternary surfactant systems. Emulsion stability was further investigated and discussed based on droplet size, zeta potential and surface tension. The results revealed that the addition of OPP and LQ could further improve the stability of (EL-40 + EL-20) emulsions, and that LQ was also beneficial for the stability of (OPP + EL-20) emulsions. The stability mechanism of the emulsion was also discussed.

中文翻译：

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混合表面活性剂诱导农药水乳剂的稳定性

通过将聚氧乙烯 (20) 蓖麻油醚 (EL-20) 与表面活性剂聚氧乙烯 (10) 辛基苯基醚 (OP10)、聚氧乙烯苯乙烯化苯酚醚 (602)、聚氧乙烯 (40) 蓖麻油醚 (EL -40) 和辛基苯基聚氧乙烯膦酸酯 (OPP)。根据稀释乳液的亲水-亲油平衡、表面活性剂结构和表面张力对乳液稳定性进行了考察和分析。结果表明(EL-40+EL-20)和(OPP+EL-20)乳液具有较高的稳定性。随后，将表面活性剂聚氧乙烯-聚氧丙烯-苯乙烯化苯酚醚 (1601)、聚烷氧基化丁基醚 (LQ) 和 OPP 分别添加到乳液 (EL-40 + EL-20)、(602 + EL-20) 或 (OPP + EL-20) 获得三元表面活性剂体系。基于液滴大小、zeta 电位和表面张力进一步研究和讨论了乳液稳定性。结果表明，OPP和LQ的加入可以进一步提高(EL-40+EL-20)乳液的稳定性，LQ也有利于(OPP+EL-20)乳液的稳定性。还讨论了乳液的稳定性机理。