Composition and microstructure of four Viennese scagliola samples, originating from the early 18th to early 20th centuries, were analysed by different methods of microscopy. Results indicate a similar composition in all samples; only minor differences could be observed in the porosity and grain-size-distribution. While, the calcium sulphate raw material was fired at low temperatures (<200°C), the presumable presence of anhydrite II in two samples may indicate hot spots (200–300°C) during the calcination. To achieve ‘marble-like’ patterns mineral pigments were used to dye the ground mass. The first results show that scagliola surfaces of this study were produced by using the same or very similar technology between the 18th and early 20th centuries.

中文翻译：

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维也纳历史悠久的 scagliola 内饰的材料特征：显微镜下的观察

通过不同的显微镜方法分析了源自 18 世纪初期至 20 世纪初的四个维也纳 scagliola 样品的成分和微观结构。结果表明所有样品的成分相似；在孔隙率和粒度分布中只能观察到微小的差异。虽然硫酸钙原料在低温（<200°C）下烧制，但两个样品中可能存在的硬石膏 II 可能表明在煅烧过程中出现热点（200-300°C）。为了实现“大理石般”的图案，矿物颜料被用来给地面染色。第一个结果表明，这项研究的 scagliola 表面是在 18 世纪和 20 世纪初使用相同或非常相似的技术生产的。