Climate change is predicted to cause severe loss in agricultural production by increasing disease epidemics and intensifying abiotic stresses. Therefore, there is a need for sustainable methods to alleviate plant stress, such as non-thermal plasma. Here we review the role of non-thermal plasma for plant treatment, with focus on the control of viruses, bacteria, fungi and other diseases. We present factors influencing the microbicidal activity of non-thermal plasma. Application of non-thermal plasma for combating abiotic stresses such as drought, metal toxicity, nanoparticles and salinity are discussed. Plasma-generated reactive species trigger the activity of stress-responsive genes in plants. The hypothetical mechanisms involved in triggering the activity of different stress-responsive genes controlling diseases as well as abiotic stresses, are also presented and discussed. The mechanism of plant-plasma interaction is similar to priming, hormesis or adaptive response, and resembles vaccination in animals and humans.

预计气候变化将通过增加疾病流行和加剧非生物胁迫而导致农业生产的严重损失。因此，需要可持续的方法来减轻植物的压力，例如非热等离子体。在这里，我们回顾了非热等离子体在植物处理中的作用，重点是控制病毒、细菌、真菌和其他疾病。我们提出了影响非热等离子体杀菌活性的因素。讨论了非热等离子体在对抗干旱、金属毒性、纳米颗粒和盐度等非生物胁迫中的应用。血浆产生的反应物种触发植物中应激反应基因的活性。涉及触发控制疾病和非生物胁迫的不同应激反应基因活动的假设机制，也进行了介绍和讨论。植物-血浆相互作用的机制类似于启动、兴奋或适应性反应，类似于动物和人类的疫苗接种。