This paper documents the United States military’s use of landscape as an active warfighting tool during Operation Enduring Freedom. A selection of declassified projects that outline plans for tree plantings, which range in scale and design intensity from individual tree replacement to urban park improvements and large-scale reforestation efforts, demonstrate a consistent weaponization of the physical and mental health benefits that result from exposure to green space. Together, the examples show how landscape design tactics can subdue counterinsurgency by promoting stability through social control and improving the mental health of local civilians. Finally, the paper offers a lens to understand the associations between health and landscape as a matter of military interest and political concern and, ultimately, as subject to control and resistance.

本文记录了美国军方在“持久自由行动”期间将景观用作主动作战工具的情况。一些解密的项目概述了植树计划，这些项目的规模和设计强度从个体树木更换到城市公园改善和大规模重新造林努力，展示了因暴露于环境而产生的身心健康益处的一致武器化。绿地。这些例子共同展示了景观设计策略如何通过社会控制促进稳定和改善当地平民的心理健康来平息叛乱。最后，本文提供了一个视角，可以将健康与景观之间的关联理解为军事利益和政治问题，并最终成为控制和抵抗的对象。