Abstract

This study investigates ways to effectively reduce carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions in Indonesia’s manufacturing industry, by firm characteristics. It is important to determine the firm characters that have the greatest potential to decrease CO₂ emissions. The Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) method is used to decompose CO₂ emissions into the key factors influencing changes in CO₂ emissions, such as economic activity, industrial structure, energy intensity, energy structure, and emissions coefficient during the 2010–2018 period. The findings indicate that changes in CO₂ emissions in industrial sub-sectors vary. High technology firms had the lowest average emissions compared to firms with other technology. Large-sized firms had the lowest emissions than small and medium firms. Foreign private firms had lower emissions than national private firms did. Firms in the Java–Bali location had, on average, highest emissions than those outside Java–Bali. Exporting firms had lower average emissions intensity compared to non-exporting firms. This study’s novelty is an analysis of the effect of components that affect changes in CO₂ emissions in firm groups based on their characteristics so that policymakers can focus on the potential reduction in CO₂ emissions in certain groups of firms, namely firms that use the most energy intensively, is inefficient, and uses low-quality energy. Comparative analysis using firm characteristics reveals that energy-intensive firms’ economic growth determines changes in CO₂ emissions in Indonesia’s manufacturing industry.

摘要

本研究通过企业特征调查了有效减少印度尼西亚制造业二氧化碳 (CO _{2 ) 排放的方法。}确定最有可能减少 CO ₂排放的公司特征很重要。采用对数平均除数指数（LMDI）方法，将CO 2 排放量分解_{为影响CO 2}排放量变化的关键因素，如2010-2018年期间的经济活动、产业结构、能源强度、能源结构、排放系数等. 研究结果表明，CO _2的变化工业子行业的排放量各不相同。与采用其他技术的公司相比，高科技公司的平均排放量最低。大型企业的排放量低于中小型企业。外国私营企业的排放量低于国内私营企业。爪哇-巴厘岛地区的公司平均排放量高于爪哇-巴厘岛以外的公司。与非出口企业相比，出口企业的平均排放强度较低。本研究的新颖之处在于分析了影响企业集团 CO ₂排放变化的成分的影响，基于其特征，以便政策制定者可以专注于 CO _{2的潜在减少}某些企业群体的排放，即能源使用最密集的企业，效率低下，使用低质量能源。使用企业特征的比较分析表明，能源密集型企业的经济增长决定了印度尼西亚制造业CO _{2排放量的变化。}