As in most European countries and elsewhere, Spanish commercial archaeology is a business model based on the theoretical and technical principles of safeguarding heritage that thrived during the 1990s and 2000s. However, nearly half of the Spanish archaeological companies closed by 2014, stressing the drama associated with the redundancy of its workforce in a mere five-year period and the threat to heritage protection and management. The current context of global crisis has impacted this sector, which is on the brink of extinction. This emphasizes the need for a new paradigm of archaeological heritage management in the 21st century. This breakdown calls into question the extent to which archaeology can generate initiatives of sustainable heritage management. By analysing data derived from an empirical study of Spanish archaeological companies between 2009 and 2017, this paper explores the underlying factors behind the collapse of commercial archaeology. In doing so, it contributes to the current global debate about the future possibilities of heritage management in a post-industrial context.

中文翻译：

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遗产处于危险之中。西班牙商业考古学的崩溃

与大多数欧洲国家和其他地方一样，西班牙商业考古学是一种基于保护遗产的理论和技术原则的商业模式，这种原则在 1990 年代和 2000 年代蓬勃发展。然而，到 2014 年，将近一半的西班牙考古公司倒闭，这突显出其劳动力在短短五年内的裁员以及对遗产保护和管理的威胁。当前全球危机的背景已经影响了这个濒临灭绝的行业。这强调了 21 世纪考古遗产管理新范式的必要性。这种细分让人质疑考古学可以在多大程度上产生可持续遗产管理的倡议。通过分析 2009 年至 2017 年间对西班牙考古公司的实证研究得出的数据，本文探讨了商业考古崩溃背后的潜在因素。通过这样做，它有助于当前关于后工业背景下遗产管理未来可能性的全球辩论。