Abstract

The present study aimed to find out differences in health risk factors of COVID-19 among doctors, nurses and psychologists by determining the relationship of cognitive appraisal, coping styles, stress and fear among health professionals. Cross-sectional research design was used. Sample comprised of 3 groups; doctors, nurses and psychologists (n = 145 in each group) working in tertiary care hospitals. Stress appraisal measure, Brief COPE inventory, Perceived stress scale and Fear contracting COVID-19 questionnaire were used to assess cognitive appraisal, coping, stress and fear respectively. Results showed that nurses had high uncontrollable, stressfulness and primary appraisal, used more avoidant emotional and problem focused coping, were more stressed and fearful as compared to doctors and psychologists. Psychologists had a high appraisal of control-self and control-others as compared to doctors and nurses and were more fearful than doctors. Doctors and psychologists used more coping of humor as compared to nurses. Moreover, primary appraisal and avoidant emotional coping positively predicted stress whereas control-self appraisal negatively predicted stress among health professionals. Uncontrollable and stressfulness appraisal positively correlated with fear. This study will direct the administrative authorities to take effective measures to improve psychological wellbeing and to deal with fear and stress of health professionals.

摘要

本研究旨在通过确定卫生专业人员的认知评估、应对方式、压力和恐惧之间的关系，找出医生、护士和心理学家在 COVID-19 健康风险因素方面的差异。采用横断面研究设计。样本由 3 组组成；医生、护士和心理学家（n = 每组 145 人）在三级医院工作。压力评估测量、简要 COPE 库存、感知压力量表和恐惧收缩 COVID-19 问卷分别用于评估认知评估、应对、压力和恐惧。结果表明，与医生和心理学家相比，护士具有较高的不可控性、压力性和初级评价，使用更多回避情绪和以问题为中心的应对方式，压力和恐惧程度更高。与医生和护士相比，心理学家对控制自我和控制他人的评价很高，并且比医生更害怕。与护士相比，医生和心理学家使用更多的幽默应对方式。此外，初级评估和回避情绪应对正向预测压力，而控制自我评估负向预测健康专业人员的压力。无法控制和压力评估与恐惧呈正相关。本研究将指导行政当局采取有效措施改善心理健康，应对卫生专业人员的恐惧和压力。