To study the effects of different soil temperatures (DST) on tomatoes and soil microorganisms (SM) in greenhouses, these effects were evaluated for 2 years by comparing designs. Three geothermal pipes were set to have water temperatures of 25°C (T1), 35°C (T2) and 45°C (T3). There was one control treatment (CK) with no heating. The results of the 2-year greenhouse test showed that compared with the control treatment (CK): (i) the soil temperature treatment significantly affected the growth, plant height (Ph), leaf area index (LAI), assimilation rate (Ar), leaf temperature (T_leaf), chlorophyll, vitamin C (Vc), soluble sugar (SSU), lycopene, soluble solids (SSO), dry matter accumulation (Da) and soil respiration rate (SRR) (P < 0.01); (ii) in spring/summer (autumn/winter), compared with the control treatment (CK), the Ph, LAI, Ar, chlorophyll and Da in T3 increased by 3.87% (11.2%), 26.3% (26.0%), 14.8% (24.1%), 9.36% (18.7%) and 13.6% (20.2%), respectively; in spring/summer (autumn/winter), the Vc, SSU, lycopene, yield and water productivity (WP) in T3 increased by 37.8% (28.5%), 30.7% (38.1%), 84.1% (53.4%), 18.2% (18.6%) and 33.5% (32.6%), respectively. In spring/summer (autumn/winter), compared with those in the CK, the SRR, MBC and MBN in T3 increased by 14.5% (41.6%), 21.6% (28.5%) and 17.8% (13.3%), respectively; (iii) the effects of temperature on tomato growth, photosynthesis, quality, Da, yield, WP, SM, soil temperature and other main indicators were consistent such that T3 > T2 > T1 > CK, but the differences between the treatments differed for each index; (iv) considering indexes such as tomato yield and quality comprehensively, the soil temperature in spring/summer was 26.1°C and that in autumn/winter was 20.6°C. Thus, due to soil warming measures, tomato yield was significantly increased, and fruit quality and the soil microbial environment were improved.

中文翻译：

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番茄光合作用、产量及果实品质对温室土壤温度的响应及土壤微生物

为了研究不同土壤温度 (DST) 对温室中番茄和土壤微生物 (SM) 的影响，通过比较设计对这些影响进行了 2 年的评估。三根地热管道的水温分别为 25°C (T1)、35°C (T2) 和 45°C (T3)。有一种不加热的对照处理（CK）。2年温室试验结果表明，与对照处理（CK）相比：（i）土壤温度处理显着影响生长、株高（Ph）、叶面积指数（LAI）、同化率（Ar） 、叶温（T_叶）、叶绿素、维生素C（Vc）、可溶性糖（SSU）、番茄红素、可溶性固形物（SSO）、干物质积累（Da）和土壤呼吸速率（SRR）（P < 0.01); (ii)春夏(秋/冬)，与对照处理(CK)相比，T3中Ph、LAI、Ar、叶绿素和Da分别增加3.87%(11.2%)、26.3%(26.0%)，分别为 14.8% (24.1%)、9.36% (18.7%) 和 13.6% (20.2%)；春夏（秋/冬）T3中Vc、SSU、番茄红素、产量和水分生产率（WP）分别增加37.8%（28.5%）、30.7%（38.1%）、84.1%（53.4%）、18.2分别为 % (18.6%) 和 33.5% (32.6%)。春/夏（秋/冬），与CK相比，T3的SRR、MBC和MBN分别增加14.5%（41.6%）、21.6%（28.5%）和17.8%（13.3%）；(iii) 温度对番茄生长、光合作用、品质、Da、产量、WP、SM、土壤温度等主要指标的影响一致，即T3 > T2 > T1 > CK，但是每个指标的处理之间的差异有所不同；（四）综合考虑番茄产量和品质等指标，春夏​​土壤温度26.1℃，秋冬20.6℃。因此，由于土壤变暖措施，番茄产量显着增加，果实品质和土壤微生物环境得到改善。