ABSTRACT

Three models of recalled childhood gender nonconformity (GNC) and maltreatment are proposed to explain disparities in current psychological distress and lifetime suicidality among sexual minority individuals, using a United States probability sample of cisgender lesbian/gay (n = 701), bisexual (n = 606), and other (e.g., queer, n = 182) adults. Indirect effects indicated that lesbian/gay individuals were more likely than bisexual individuals to experience maltreatment and suicidal ideation as childhood GNC increased. Other indirect effects found that bisexual individuals reported more psychological distress and greater likelihood of lifetime suicidal ideation and attempts than lesbian/gay individuals as maltreatment increased. The direct effects of sexual orientation were stronger than the indirect effects via maltreatment or GNC, with bisexual individuals reporting more maltreatment, distress, and suicidality than lesbian/gay individuals. Significant findings for individuals with other identities were similar to those of bisexual individuals. Adjusted findings were comparable for women and men. The findings indicated that sexual minority individuals reported experiences consistent with sexual minority stress during early developmental periods, before being aware of their sexual orientation. It is necessary to understand the early lived experiences of sexual minority individuals, differences between lesbian/gay and bisexual individuals in those experiences, and their implications for adaptation.

摘要

使用美国顺性别女同性恋/男同性恋 (n = 701)、双性恋( n = 606）和其他（例如，酷儿，n = 182）成年人。间接影响表明，随着儿童 GNC 的增加，女同性恋/男同性恋者比双性恋者更有可能遭受虐待和自杀意念。其他间接影响发现，随着虐待的增加，双性恋者比女同性恋者报告了更多的心理困扰以及终生自杀意念和企图的可能性更大。性取向的直接影响比虐待或 GNC 造成的间接影响更强，双性恋者比女同性恋者报告更多的虐待、痛苦和自杀倾向。具有其他身份的个体的重要发现与双性恋个体相似。调整后的结果对于女性和男性来说具有可比性。研究结果表明，在意识到自己的性取向之前，性少数个体在早期发育阶段报告了与性少数压力一致的经历。有必要了解性少数个体的早期生活经历、女同性恋/男同性恋和双性恋个体在这些经历中的差异，以及它们对适应的影响。