Few clinical measures are available for use with transgender and gender-expansive (TGE) prepubescent children. This qualitative study includes 65 TGE children, ages 4–12, with 21 identifying as boys, 34 as girls, and 10 as nonbinary. Race/ethnicity reported by parents: 72.3% White, 7.7% Asian, 6.2% Hispanic/Latinx, 4.6% multiple races, 3.1% Black/African American, 1.5% American Indian or Alaskan Native, and 4.6% were missing race/ethnicity data. Children's responses to clinical measures identified these themes: dysphoria, identity statements, gender statements, contentment with self, and anticipatory statements. Findings highlight the need to develop clinical measures that center children's voices, are inclusive of all gender identities, and go beyond diagnostic criteria to better reflect and understand the meaning children make of gender-related experiences.

中文翻译：

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超越诊断：处于临床测量边缘的青春期前性别膨胀儿童

很少有临床措施可用于跨性别和性别扩张 (TGE) 青春期前儿童。这项定性研究包括 65 名年龄在 4 至 12 岁的 TGE 儿童，其中 21 名男孩、34 名女孩和 10 名非二元儿童。父母报告的种族/族裔：72.3% 白人、7.7% 亚裔、6.2% 西班牙裔/拉丁裔、4.6% 多种族、3.1% 黑人/非裔美国人、1.5% 美洲印第安人或阿拉斯加原住民，以及 4.6% 缺少种族/族裔数据. 儿童对临床测量的反应确定了这些主题：烦躁、身份陈述、性别陈述、自我满足和预期陈述。研究结果强调需要制定以儿童声音为中心的临床措施，包括所有性别认同，