Arrows and gaze stimuli lead to opposite spatial congruency effects. While standard congruency effects are observed for arrows (faster responses for congruent conditions), responses are faster when eye-gaze stimuli are presented on the opposite side of the gazed-at location (incongruent trials), leading to a reversed congruency effect (RCE). Here, we explored the effects of implicit vs. explicit processing of arrows and eye-gaze direction. Participants were required to identify the direction (explicit task) or the colour (implicit task) of left or right looking/pointing gaze or arrows, presented to either the left or right of the fixation point. When participants responded to the direction of stimuli, standard congruency effects for arrows and RCE for eye-gaze stimuli were observed. However, when participants responded to the colour of stimuli, no congruency effects were observed. These results suggest that it is necessary to explicitly pay attention to the direction of eye-gaze and arrows for the congruency effect to occur. The same pattern of data was observed when participants responded either manually or verbally, demonstrating that manual motor components are not responsible for the results observed. These findings are not consistent with some hypotheses previously proposed to explain the RCE observed with eye-gaze stimuli and, therefore, call for an alternative plausible hypothesis.

箭头和凝视刺激导致相反的空间一致性效应。虽然观察到箭头的标准一致性效应（对一致性条件的响应更快），但当眼睛注视刺激出现在注视位置的另一侧（不一致性试验）时，响应更快，导致反向一致性效应 (RCE) . 在这里，我们探讨了箭头和眼睛注视方向的隐式与显式处理的影响。要求参与者识别呈现在注视点左侧或右侧的向左或向右看/指向凝视或箭头的方向（显式任务）或颜色（隐式任务）。当参与者对刺激的方向做出反应时，观察到箭头的标准一致性效应和眼睛注视刺激的 RCE。然而，当参与者对刺激的颜色做出反应时，没有观察到一致性效应。这些结果表明，有必要明确注意眼睛注视的方向和箭头，才能发生一致性效应。当参与者手动或口头响应时观察到相同的数据模式，表明手动电机组件不对观察到的结果负责。这些发现与之前提出的一些假设不一致，这些假设用于解释用眼睛注视刺激观察到的 RCE，因此需要另一种似是而非的假设。证明手动电机组件不对观察到的结果负责。这些发现与之前提出的一些假设不一致，这些假设用于解释用眼睛注视刺激观察到的 RCE，因此需要另一种似是而非的假设。证明手动电机组件不对观察到的结果负责。这些发现与之前提出的一些假设不一致，这些假设用于解释用眼睛注视刺激观察到的 RCE，因此需要另一种似是而非的假设。