当前位置: X-MOL 学术Prog. Retin. Eye. Res. › 论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
Challenges in the diagnosis and management of vitreoretinal lymphoma – Clinical and basic approaches
Progress in Retinal and Eye Research ( IF 18.6 ) Pub Date : 2022-02-21 , DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2022.101053
Hiroshi Takase 1 , Ayako Arai 2 , Yuko Iwasaki 1 , Ayano Imai 1 , Toshikage Nagao 3 , Masahiko Kawagishi 4 , Tomoka Ishida 5 , Manabu Mochizuki 6
Affiliation  

Vitreoretinal lymphoma (VRL) is a subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and is sight- and life-threatening in the vast majority of patients. Lymphoma cells infiltrate the vitreous body and/or subretinal space and exhibit clinical signs of vitreous opacities and creamy white subretinal lesions. Although the intraocular signs can serve as clues to suspect VRL, they are nonspecific and may be misdiagnosed as uveitis. Histopathological evidence of malignant cells on vitreous biopsy, for instance, is the gold standard for diagnosis of VRL; however, cytological examination of the vitreous often results in a low success rate owing to the small quantity and poor quality of tissues and cells in the sample. Recent advancements in immunological, molecular, and gene analyses using intraocular samples have made it possible to accurately diagnose VRL. As for the management of VRL, local treatments with irradiation and/or intravitreal injections of anti-tumor agents (methotrexate or rituximab) are effective in suppressing intraocular VRL lesions. However, the effect of systemic chemotherapy, with or without brain irradiation, on preventing central nervous system involvements remains controversial. In this review article, we discuss the following concepts based on previous literature and our unpublished results: current ocular imaging examinations such as optical coherence tomography and fundus autofluorescence; immunological, molecular, and gene expression characterization of intraocular biopsies with special attention to flow cytometry; immunoglobulin gene rearrangement assays that use the polymerase chain reaction test; cytokine assays; gene mutations (MYD88, CD79B); and current local and systemic treatments of VRL.



中文翻译:

玻璃体视网膜淋巴瘤诊断和治疗的挑战——临床和基本方法

玻璃体视网膜淋巴瘤 (VRL) 是弥漫性大 B 细胞淋巴瘤的一种亚型,在绝大多数患者中都会危及视力和生命。淋巴瘤细胞浸润玻璃体和/或视网膜下腔,并表现出玻璃体混浊和乳白色视网膜下病变的临床症状。虽然眼内征象可以作为怀疑 VRL 的线索,但它们是非特异性的,可能被误诊为葡萄膜炎。例如,玻璃体活检中恶性细胞的组织病理学证据是诊断 VRL 的金标准;然而,由于样本中组织和细胞的数量少、质量差,玻璃体的细胞学检查往往导致成功率低。使用眼内样本进行免疫学、分子和基因分析的最新进展使得准确诊断 VRL 成为可能。至于 VRL 的管理,用放射治疗和/或玻璃体内注射抗肿瘤剂(甲氨蝶呤或利妥昔单抗)进行局部治疗可有效抑制眼内 VRL 病变。然而,全身化疗(加或不加脑部照射)对预防中枢神经系统受累的影响仍存在争议。在这篇评论文章中,我们根据以前的文献和我们未发表的结果讨论了以下概念:当前的眼部成像检查,如光学相干断层扫描和眼底自发荧光;眼内活检的免疫学、分子和基因表达表征,特别注意流式细胞术;使用聚合酶链反应试验的免疫球蛋白基因重排试验;细胞因子测定;基因突变(用照射和/或玻璃体内注射抗肿瘤剂(甲氨蝶呤或利妥昔单抗)进行局部治疗可有效抑制眼内 VRL 病变。然而,全身化疗(加或不加脑部照射)对预防中枢神经系统受累的影响仍存在争议。在这篇评论文章中,我们根据以前的文献和我们未发表的结果讨论了以下概念:当前的眼部成像检查,如光学相干断层扫描和眼底自发荧光;眼内活检的免疫学、分子和基因表达表征,特别注意流式细胞术;使用聚合酶链反应试验的免疫球蛋白基因重排试验;细胞因子测定;基因突变(用照射和/或玻璃体内注射抗肿瘤剂(甲氨蝶呤或利妥昔单抗)进行局部治疗可有效抑制眼内 VRL 病变。然而,全身化疗(加或不加脑部照射)对预防中枢神经系统受累的影响仍存在争议。在这篇评论文章中,我们根据以前的文献和我们未发表的结果讨论了以下概念:当前的眼部成像检查,如光学相干断层扫描和眼底自发荧光;眼内活检的免疫学、分子和基因表达表征,特别注意流式细胞术;使用聚合酶链反应试验的免疫球蛋白基因重排试验;细胞因子测定;基因突变(关于预防中枢神经系统受累仍存在争议。在这篇评论文章中,我们根据以前的文献和我们未发表的结果讨论了以下概念:当前的眼部成像检查,如光学相干断层扫描和眼底自发荧光;眼内活检的免疫学、分子和基因表达表征,特别注意流式细胞术;使用聚合酶链反应试验的免疫球蛋白基因重排试验;细胞因子测定;基因突变(关于预防中枢神经系统受累仍存在争议。在这篇评论文章中,我们根据以前的文献和我们未发表的结果讨论了以下概念:当前的眼部成像检查,如光学相干断层扫描和眼底自发荧光;眼内活检的免疫学、分子和基因表达表征,特别注意流式细胞术;使用聚合酶链反应试验的免疫球蛋白基因重排试验;细胞因子测定;基因突变(和眼内活检的基因表达特征,特别注意流式细胞术;使用聚合酶链反应试验的免疫球蛋白基因重排试验;细胞因子测定;基因突变(和眼内活检的基因表达特征,特别注意流式细胞术;使用聚合酶链反应试验的免疫球蛋白基因重排试验;细胞因子测定;基因突变(MYD88CD79B);以及目前 VRL 的局部和全身治疗。

更新日期:2022-02-21
down
wechat
bug