ABSTRACT

Grapevine cultivation is of historic importance arround the Mediterranean basin. The Spanish Levant is an area of notable grapevine diversity, where ancient varieties destined for producing wine, table grapes and raisins can still be found. For some of these neglected varieties, however, no complete description has ever been made; current legislation does not, therefore, allow their commercial use. The botanical characterization of old varieties is an important step toward their identification and can also help to clarify synonymies and homonymies, problems very commonly encountered with this crop. The present work provides ampelographic descriptions of seven genotypes for which microsatellite marker profiles were already available, and discusses the possible origins of their names, as well as instances of synonymy and homonymy. Seven accessions of ancient grapevine genotypes from the Spanish Levant were subjected to in situ ampelographic analysis following official methods. The characteristics of their leaves, bunches and berries were recorded. The ampelographic descriptions made in the present work provide insight into the history of cultivation of the examined genotypes and would pave the way for their inclusion in the Spanish national catalog, which would allow their commercial use. The information gathered on the possible origin of these genotypes’ names, and instances of synonymy and homonymy, enriches our knowledge of this recovered germplasm. The present results contribute toward our understanding of Europe’s grapevine genetic diversity, and highlight the need to conserve it.

摘要

葡萄种植在地中海盆地具有重要的历史意义。西班牙黎凡特是一个葡萄藤多样性显着的地区，仍然可以找到用于生产葡萄酒、鲜食葡萄和葡萄干的古老品种。然而，对于其中一些被忽视的品种，从未进行过完整的描述。因此，现行立法不允许将其用于商业用途。老品种的植物学特征是识别它们的重要一步，也有助于澄清同义词和同音异义词，这是这种作物经常遇到的问题。目前的工作提供了七种基因型的曲线图描述，其中微卫星标记谱已经可用，并讨论了它们名称的可能起源，以及同义词和同名词的实例。按照官方方法，对西班牙黎凡特的七种古代葡萄基因型进行了原位曲线分析。记录了它们的叶子、束和浆果的特征。本工作中的 ampelographic 描述提供了对所检查基因型的栽培历史的深入了解，并将为将它们纳入西班牙国家目录铺平道路，这将允许它们的商业用途。收集到的关于这些基因型名称的可能来源以及同义词和同音词实例的信息丰富了我们对这种恢复的种质的了解。目前的结果有助于我们了解欧洲的葡萄树遗传多样性，并强调保护它的必要性。