Adolescence is a critical period for the development of depressive symptoms and the understanding of vulnerability factors that facilitate their onset is pivotal. In this study, we focused on Beck’s cognitive triad, namely its three-fold structure, comprising views of the self, world, and future. Despite its crucial role in the cognitive theory of depression, the relationship between the cognitive triad and depressive symptoms in adolescence is still unclear. In our study, we adopted a meta-analytic commonality analysis approach, in order to clarify whether the three components of the triad overlap in accounting for depressive symptoms, or they show distinct profiles of association. By relying on six independent samples of early adolescents (age range = 13–14: n = 174, 66% female, n = 347, 41% female), mid adolescents (age range = 15–17: n = 304, 61% female; n = 92, 34% female), and late adolescents (age range = 18–21: n = 217, 84% female, n = 101, 56% female), we showed that the views of the self, world, and future substantially overlap in accounting for depressive symptoms, although specific areas of distinctiveness could be detected. Moreover, the association between the cognitive triad and depressive symptoms appeared to be a function of both the developmental phase and gender. Furthermore, the cognitive triad emerged as specifically related to symptoms related to negative mood, absence of positive mood, and negative appraisal of the past. These findings advance our understanding of cognitive vulnerability for depressive symptoms in adolescence.

青春期是抑郁症状发展的关键时期，了解促进其发作的脆弱性因素至关重要。在这项研究中，我们关注贝克的认知三元组，即其三重结构，包括对自我、世界和未来的看法。尽管它在抑郁症的认知理论中起着至关重要的作用，但认知三联征与青春期抑郁症状之间的关系仍不清楚。在我们的研究中，我们采用了元分析共性分析方法，以阐明三联征的三个组成部分在解释抑郁症状时是否重叠，或者它们显示出不同的关联特征。通过依赖六个独立样本的早期青少年（年龄范围 = 13-14：n = 174，66% 女性，n = 347，41% 女性），中期青少年（年龄范围 = 15-17：n = 304，61% 女性；n = 92，34% 女性）和晚期青少年（年龄范围 = 18-21：n = 217，84% 女性，n = 101，56% 女性），我们展示了对自我、世界和未来的看法尽管可以检测到特定的独特性领域，但在解释抑郁症状方面存在大量重叠。此外，认知三联征和抑郁症状之间的关联似乎是发育阶段和性别的函数。此外，认知三联征与消极情绪、缺乏积极情绪和对过去的消极评价相关的症状特别相关。这些发现促进了我们对青春期抑郁症状的认知脆弱性的理解。我们表明，在解释抑郁症状方面，自我、世界和未来的观点实质上是重叠的，尽管可以检测到特定的独特性领域。此外，认知三联征和抑郁症状之间的关联似乎是发育阶段和性别的函数。此外，认知三联征与消极情绪、缺乏积极情绪和对过去的消极评价相关的症状特别相关。这些发现促进了我们对青春期抑郁症状的认知脆弱性的理解。我们表明，在解释抑郁症状方面，自我、世界和未来的观点实质上是重叠的，尽管可以检测到特定的独特性领域。此外，认知三联征和抑郁症状之间的关联似乎是发育阶段和性别的函数。此外，认知三联征与消极情绪、缺乏积极情绪和对过去的消极评价相关的症状特别相关。这些发现促进了我们对青春期抑郁症状的认知脆弱性的理解。认知三联征和抑郁症状之间的关联似乎是发育阶段和性别的函数。此外，认知三联征与消极情绪、缺乏积极情绪和对过去的消极评价相关的症状特别相关。这些发现促进了我们对青春期抑郁症状的认知脆弱性的理解。认知三联征和抑郁症状之间的关联似乎是发育阶段和性别的函数。此外，认知三联征与消极情绪、缺乏积极情绪和对过去的消极评价相关的症状特别相关。这些发现促进了我们对青春期抑郁症状的认知脆弱性的理解。