Significant population growth of some European goose populations has led to initiatives to implement management at the flyway level. Understanding migration routes and spatiotemporal distribution is crucial for the successful and coordinated management of migratory species such as geese. In this study, we describe movements across the entire annual cycle in 76 Greylag geese (Anser anser) fitted with GPS tracking devices at five catch sites in Sweden. We show that Greylag geese breeding in Sweden still use a NE-SW migration path. However, the wintering range has undergone a northward shift during the last decades. Compared to previous studies, our data suggest a continued reduction in migration distance, being most pronounced in birds in southernmost Sweden. Greylag geese tagged in southernmost Sweden spent almost the entire annual cycle in Sweden and Denmark (97 and 100% of all GPS locations). In contrast, the flyway of Greylag geese from the northern catch sites still covers countries from Sweden to Spain, but presently, only a small fraction of the population migrates to Spain. Instead, most of the annual cycle is spent in Sweden, Denmark, the Netherlands, or Germany. The contrasting spatiotemporal distribution in geese of different geographical origin indicates that management initiatives for the NW/SW European Greylag Goose population need to consider that different migration strategies occur within previously defined management units. As a consequence, coordination of management actions (e.g. monitoring, harvest quotas, reserves) may need to consider different spatial scales, i.e. from the regional to the international scale depending on the origin of the Greylag geese.

一些欧洲鹅种群的显着种群增长导致了在飞道层面实施管理的举措。了解迁徙路线和时空分布对于成功和协调管理迁徙物种（如鹅）至关重要。在这项研究中，我们描述了 76 只灰雁 ( Anser anser) 在瑞典的五个捕捞地点安装了 GPS 跟踪设备。我们表明瑞典的灰雁繁殖仍然使用 NE-SW 迁移路径。然而，在过去的几十年里，越冬范围已经向北移动。与之前的研究相比，我们的数据表明迁徙距离持续缩短，在瑞典最南端的鸟类中最为明显。标记在瑞典最南端的灰雁几乎整个年周期都在瑞典和丹麦度过（占所有 GPS 位置的 97% 和 100%）。相比之下，北方捕捞地点的灰雁迁徙路线仍然覆盖从瑞典到西班牙的国家，但目前只有一小部分人口迁移到西班牙。相反，大部分年度周期都在瑞典、丹麦、荷兰或德国度过。不同地理来源的鹅的时空分布对比表明，西北/西南欧洲灰雁种群的管理计划需要考虑不同的迁徙策略发生在先前定义的管理单元内。因此，管理行动（例如监测、收获配额、储备）的协调可能需要考虑不同的空间尺度，即从区域到国际尺度，具体取决于灰雁的来源。