This paper assesses the relevance of social disorganization and collective efficacy in accounting for neighbourhood inequalities in the exposure to crime. Specifically, it questions the potential of community and voluntary organizations to enhance informal social control and reduce exposure to crime. It utilizes calls-for-service (incident) data for Greater Manchester (UK) and a Bayesian spatio-temporal modelling approach. Contrary to expectations, the research finds that measures of social disorganization (concentrated disadvantage aside) and collective efficacy hold a limited effect on neighbourhood exposure to crime. We discuss the implications of these findings for criminological inquiry and theoretical development, highlighting the necessity of such endeavour to account for the national political-economy and welfare regime of research settings

中文翻译：

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接触犯罪、社会混乱和集体效能的不平等：来自英国大曼彻斯特的证据

本文评估了社会解体和集体效能在解释犯罪风险中的邻里不平等方面的相关性。具体来说，它质疑社区和志愿组织增强非正式社会控制和减少犯罪风险的潜力。它利用大曼彻斯特（英国）的服务呼叫（事件）数据和贝叶斯时空建模方法。与预期相反，研究发现社会解体（集中劣势除外）和集体效能的衡量标准对邻里犯罪率的影响有限。我们讨论了这些发现对犯罪学调查和理论发展的影响，强调了这种努力解释研究环境的国家政治经济和福利制度的必要性