Purpose

Drawing on concepts from strain, feminist, and life-course perspectives, we investigate the proximal effects of strain on violence and serious drug use along with the distal “carryover” effects of childhood abuse among women.

Methods

Using 36 months of retrospective data collected from 778 incarcerated women, we estimate monthly within-person effects of four types of strain experienced in adulthood (i.e., negative life events and three forms of victimization) on respondent-initiated violence and serious drug use. Cross-level interactions assess the moderating “carryover” effects of childhood abuse and cumulative adversity.

Results

Negative life events increased women's initiation of violence and serious drug use. Having a near violent experience was positively associated with violence, while violent conflict increased drug use. Experiencing both childhood physical and sexual abuse accentuated the effect of predatory victimization on violence, and physical victimization amplified the positive relationship between near violence and drug use. Unexpectedly, women who experienced childhood sexual abuse were less likely to use drugs after experiencing strain. The accumulation of adversity among abused women could not account for these moderating effects.

Conclusion

Findings suggest women's recent life experiences can explain offending in the foreground, while childhood abuse can account for some within-sex heterogeneity in these relationships.

中文翻译：

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揭开生命过程中压力的犯罪因素：近端压力和童年虐待对高危女性样本中的暴力和药物使用的联合影响

目的

从压力、女权主义和生命历程的角度出发，我们研究了压力对暴力和严重吸毒的近端影响以及女性童年虐待的远端“遗留”影响。

方法

使用从 778 名被监禁妇女收集的 36 个月的回顾性数据，我们估计成年期经历的四种压力（即负面生活事件和三种形式的受害）对受访者发起的暴力和严重吸毒的每月个人内部影响。跨层次的互动评估童年虐待和累积逆境的缓和“遗留”效应。

结果

消极的生活事件增加了女性开始暴力和严重吸毒的情况。近乎暴力的经历与暴力呈正相关，而暴力冲突增加了吸毒。经历童年身体虐待和性虐待加剧了掠夺性受害对暴力的影响，而身体受害放大了近乎暴力与吸毒之间的积极关系。出乎意料的是，经历过童年性虐待的女性在经历压力后不太可能吸毒。受虐待妇女的逆境积累不能解释这些调节作用。

结论

研究结果表明，女性最近的生活经历可以解释前景中的冒犯，而童年时期的虐待可以解释这些关系中的一些性别内异质性。