Narcissism is a multifaceted construct commonly conceptualized as comprising grandiose and vulnerable aspects in a two-factor model. While the manifold correlates of these aspects imposed a challenge for research on the structure of narcissism, recent models converge in a three-factor structure of agentic-extraverted, antagonistic, and neurotic aspects, capturing variance in different conceptualizations and correlates of narcissism. We construct and validate a German adaptation of the Five-Factor Narcissism Inventory (FFNI), a measure assessing these aspects based on the Five-Factor Model. In eight samples (N = 2,921), we found the German FFNI to align with both, two- and three-factor models. The factors display good criterion validity with other narcissism measures, (non-)clinical personality dimensions, interpersonal styles, and (mal-)adaptive adjustment. Neurotic and antagonistic narcissism discriminated between individuals with/without mental disorder diagnoses, and displayed a characteristic profile in incarcerated offenders. Since the FFNI is comprehensive but long, we constructed a 30-item brief form (FFNI-BF) optimizing the internal structure and external validity using ant colony optimization. The FFNI-BF displayed good psychometric characteristics and similar, in certain aspects even advantageous criterion validity. We conclude that the German FFNI validly measures key aspects of narcissism, and the FFNI-BF captures these in a concise manner.

自恋是一种多方面的结构，通常被概念化为在双因素模型中包含浮夸和脆弱的方面。虽然这些方面的多方面关联对自恋结构的研究提出了挑战，但最近的模型集中在代理-外倾、对抗和神经质方面的三因素结构中，捕捉自恋的不同概念化和关联的差异。我们构建并验证了德国对五因素自恋量表 (FFNI) 的改编，这是一种基于五因素模型评估这些方面的措施。在八个样本中（N= 2,921)，我们发现德国 FFNI 与双因素和三因素模型保持一致。这些因素与其他自恋测量、（非）临床人格维度、人际关系风格和（不良）适应性调整显示出良好的标准有效性。神经质和对抗性自恋在有/没有精神障碍诊断的个体之间进行区分，并在被监禁的罪犯中表现出特征。由于 FFNI 很全面但很长，我们构建了一个 30 项简要表 (FFNI-BF)，使用蚁群优化来优化内部结构和外部有效性。FFNI-BF 显示出良好的心理测量特征和类似的特征，在某些方面甚至具有优势的标准有效性。我们得出结论，德国 FFNI 有效地衡量了自恋的关键方面，而 FFNI-BF 以简洁的方式捕捉了这些方面。