BACKGROUND
The prevalence of obesity has recently stabilized in some developed countries. Some studies show this stabilization in Spain, but they do not analyse its evolution by cohort.

OBJECTIVE
This paper analyses the transformation of the Spanish population over time and between quasi-cohorts of weight change by age and sex.

METHODS
Data was taken from seven waves of the National Health Survey of Spain between 1995 and 2017, with a sample of 100,206 individuals aged 20–79 years old. Adjusted prevalence of being overweight and obesity were calculated. The changes in body mass index (BMI) by sex and age, by and between quasi-birth cohorts, and over time were analysed using test of proportions, ANOVA, and the t-test.

RESULTS
The prevalence of excessive body weight has stabilized or decreased in men since 2017 and in women since 1997. Among men, the prevalence of obesity stabilized recently and weight gain with age decreased after the 1950s cohort. Among women, mean BMI and excessive body weight decreased after the 1940s cohort.

CONCLUSIONS
Our findings showed a stabilization and subsequent decrease in excessive body weight that is recent among men but took place more than two decades ago among women.



中文翻译：

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肥胖流行的逆转？西班牙的准队列和性别导向分析（Juan Manuel Garcia-Gonzalez、Enrique Martin-Criado）

背景技术
肥胖的流行在一些发达国家最近已经稳定下来。一些研究表明西班牙的这种稳定，但他们没有按队列分析其演变。

目的
本文分析了西班牙人口随时间的变化以及按年龄和性别的体重变化准队列之间的变化。

方法
数据取自 1995 年至 2017 年间西班牙国家健康调查的七次浪潮，样本为 100,206 名年龄在 20 至 79 岁之间的个体。计算了调整后的超重和肥胖患病率。使用比例检验、ANOVA 和 t 检验分析不同性别和年龄、准出生队列和准出生队列之间以及随时间的体重指数 (BMI) 变化。

结果
自 2017 年以来，男性和女性的超重患病率稳定或下降，自 1997 年以来。在男性中，肥胖的患病率最近稳定下来，并且在 1950 年代之后体重增加随年龄增长有所下降。在女性中，平均 BMI 和超重在 1940 年代之后有所下降。

结论
我们的研究结果表明，最近在男性中出现的超重体重稳定并随后下降，但在 20 多年前的女性中发生了。