PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE Children who are Deaf and Hard of Hearing (DHH) with additional special needs ("DHHPlus") have complex differences in psychological development that, when combined with aspects of their environment, often place them at an increased risk for psychological challenges. Further, their combination of special needs places unique demands on their parents. Despite the high proportion of DHH children in this particular subgroup, little research has been done to identify estimates of broad psychological functioning, the parent-child relationship, parent stressors, and parent satisfaction with resources independent of other samples. This study addresses that gap through collecting preliminary data on broad psychological functioning and related parent-child variables in a sample of children who are DHHPlus. RESEARCH METHOD/DESIGN Thirty-one primary caregivers of children who were DHH with additional medical and/or mental health diagnoses completed several questionnaires about their child and family, including the Behavior Assessment System for Children (BASC-3) Parent Rating Scale, BASC-2 Parenting Relationship Questionnaire, and Family Stress Scale. The current DHHPlus sample was separated into two subgroups by age, including a preschool group (ages 2-5 years, n = 14) and child group (ages 6-11, n = 17) for visual comparison of mean scores with respective normative and clinical samples from each measure. RESULTS When compared to normative and clinical samples, parents of DHHPlus children endorsed more concerns about their child's behavior, adaptive skills, the parent-child relationship, and higher levels of family-related stress, with a unique rank order of family stressors. CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS Results provide initial child and parent estimates to support assessment and treatment services for this diverse and underserved population. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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耳聋和听力障碍加：儿童和父母功能的初步估计。

目的/目标 有额外特殊需求的失聪和重听 (DHH) 儿童 (“DHHPlus”) 在心理发展方面存在复杂的差异，当与他们所处的环境相结合时，通常会使他们面临更大的心理挑战风险。此外，他们的特殊需求组合对他们的父母提出了独特的要求。尽管在这个特定的亚组中 DHH 儿童的比例很高，但很少有研究来确定广泛的心理功能、亲子关系、父母压力源和父母对独立于其他样本的资源的满意度的估计。本研究通过在 DHHPlus 的儿童样本中收集有关广泛心理功能和相关亲子变量的初步数据来解决这一差距。研究方法/设计 31 名 DHH 儿童的主要照料者有额外的医疗和/或心理健康诊断，他们完成了几份关于他们的孩子和家庭的问卷，包括儿童行为评估系统 (BASC-3) 父母评定量表，BASC- 2 育儿关系问卷和家庭压力量表。当前的 DHHPlus 样本按年龄分为两个亚组，包括学龄前组（2-5 岁，n = 14）和儿童组（6-11 岁，n = 17），用于视觉比较平均分数与各自的标准和每次测量的临床样本。结果 与规范和临床样本相比，DHHPlus 孩子的父母更关注孩子的行为、适应技能、亲子关系以及更高水平的家庭相关压力，具有独特的家庭压力排序顺序。结论/意义 结果提供了初步的儿童和父母估计，以支持对这一多样化和服务不足的人群的评估和治疗服务。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2022 APA，保留所有权利）。