Purpose

This study aims to assess the relationship between intellectual and social capital and financial statement fraud and money laundering of Iraqi firms before and after the emergence of the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS). In other words, this paper seeks to answer the question of “whether the intellectual and social capital can contribute favourably to fraud in financial statements and money laundering or not.”

Design/methodology/approach

For the study, the multivariate regression model is used for hypothesis testing. Research hypotheses have also been examined using a sample of 35 listed firms on the Iraqi Stock Exchange during 2012–2018, using the panel data technique-based multivariate regression pattern and fixed-effect model.

Findings

The results show a negative and significant relationship between social capital and intellectual capital, fraud in financial statements and money laundering. Besides, the results indicate a positive and significant effect of the interactive variable of ISIS on the relationship between social and intellectual capital and fraud in financial statements and money laundering.

Originality/value

Since this paper is the first study on such a topic in the emergent markets, it provides helpful information for the users, analysts and legal institutions about intellectual capital and social capital that contributes significantly to fraud and money laundering of business units. Moreover, the study results help the development of science and knowledge in this field and fill the existing gap in the literature.

中文翻译：

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社会和智力资本对伊拉克欺诈和洗钱的影响

目的

本研究旨在评估伊拉克和叙利亚伊斯兰国 (ISIS) 出现前后伊拉克公司的智力和社会资本与财务报表欺诈和洗钱之间的关系。换言之，本文试图回答“智力和社会资本是否有助于财务报表欺诈和洗钱”的问题。

设计/方法/方法

对于这项研究，多元回归模型用于假设检验。研究假设还使用基于面板数据技术的多元回归模式和固定效应模型，使用 2012-2018 年期间在伊拉克证券交易所的 35 家上市公司的样本进行了检验。

发现

结果表明，社会资本与智力资本、财务报表欺诈和洗钱之间存在显着的负相关关系。此外，结果表明 ISIS 的交互变量对社会和智力资本与财务报表欺诈和洗钱之间的关系具有积极且显着的影响。

原创性/价值

由于本文是新兴市场中此类主题的第一份研究，它为用户、分析师和法律机构提供了有关智力资本和社会资本的有用信息，这些信息对业务单位的欺诈和洗钱有重大贡献。此外，研究结果有助于该领域的科学和知识的发展，填补了现有文献的空白。