ABSTRACT

Polynczuk-Alenius’s article contributes to a better understanding of the racist moment in Poland that began in the aftermath of the ‘refugee crisis’ in 2015. It does so by zooming in on Christian far-right discourse and reconstructing a cognitive map of the social world manufactured therein. To this end, it analyses the blog of the former Catholic priest Jacek Międlar, now a far-right activist and one of the leaders of the anti-refugee movement. In doing so, the article relies on two compatible bodies of research that have rarely been used together. Theoretically, the article approaches Christian far-right discourse as an articulation of the paranoid style and concentrates on its conspiratorial aspect. Analytically, it uses the fourfold model of authoritarian communication developed by the Frankfurt School to dissect systematically the conspiratorial tale expounded on Międlar’s blog. Accordingly, the empirical analysis of 116 blog posts treats the following themes: 1) the discontent diagnosed by Międlar (anti-Polonism, epitomized by the suppression of nationalist and Christian values in favour of European universalism); 2) the alleged operators of anti-Polonism (the Jewish-orchestrated conspiracy bent on dominating the world and its puppets); 3) the movement that will rise up against this cabal (namely, the Polish Catholic nationalists armed with conservative values); and 4) the leader of the struggle (Międlar himself as a Christ-like martyr figure). The article concludes that the anti-Muslim discourse, premised on an appeal to racist sentiments, served as a gateway into the conspiratorial, deeply antisemitic world-view of the Christian far-right milieu. In Poland, as elsewhere, such a world-view, stored and transmitted through the fringe far-right discourse, usually seems to gain traction in wider society during times of crisis.

摘要

Polynczuk-Alenius 的文章有助于更好地理解波兰 2015 年“难民危机”之后开始的种族主义时刻。它通过放大基督教极右翼话语和重建社会世界的认知地图来做到这一点在其中制造。为此，它分析了前天主教神父 Jacek Międlar 的博客，他现在是一名极右翼活动家，也是反难民运动的领导人之一。在这样做的过程中，这篇文章依赖于两个很少一起使用的兼容的研究机构。从理论上讲，这篇文章将基督教极右翼话语视为对偏执风格的表达，并专注于其阴谋方面。分析，它使用法兰克福学派开发的四重威权传播模式，系统地剖析了 Międlar 博客上阐述的阴谋故事。因此，对 116 篇博客文章的实证分析处理了以下主题：1）Międlar 所诊断的不满（反波兰主义，表现为压制民族主义和基督教价值观以支持欧洲普遍主义）；2）所谓的反波兰主义（犹太人精心策划的阴谋，一心要统治世界及其傀儡）；3）将起来反对这个阴谋集团的运动（即以保守价值观武装起来的波兰天主教民族主义者）；4) 斗争的领导者（Międlar 本人是像基督一样的殉道者）。文章的结论是，以诉诸种族主义情绪为前提的反穆斯林言论，作为进入基督教极右翼环境的阴谋，深刻反犹太主义世界观的门户。在波兰，与其他地方一样，这种通过边缘极右翼话语储存和传播的世界观通常在危机时期似乎在更广泛的社会中获得牵引力。